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power-mailinabox/management/mailconfig.py
Joshua Tauberer 202c4a948b our users/aliases database is case sensitive - force new users/aliases to lowercase 
Unfortunately our users/aliases database is case sensitive. (Perhaps I should have defined the columns with COLLATE NOCASE, see https://www.sqlite.org/datatype3.html.) Postfix always queries the tables in lowecase, so mail delivery would fail if a user or alias were defined with any capital letters. It would have also been possible to add multiple euqivalent addresses into the database with different case.

This commit rejects new mail users that have capital letters and forces new aliases to lowecase. I prefer to reject rather than casefold user accounts so that the login credentials the user gave are exactly what goes into the database.

https://discourse.mailinabox.email/t/recipient-address-rejected-user-unknown-in-virtual-mailbox-table/512/4
2015-05-28 13:11:30 +00:00

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#!/usr/bin/python3
import subprocess, shutil, os, sqlite3, re
import utils
from email_validator import validate_email as validate_email_, EmailNotValidError
def validate_email(email, mode=None):
# Checks that an email address is syntactically valid. Returns True/False.
# Until Postfix supports SMTPUTF8, an email address may contain ASCII
# characters only; IDNs must be IDNA-encoded.
#
# When mode=="user", we're checking that this can be a user account name.
# Dovecot has tighter restrictions - letters, numbers, underscore, and
# dash only!
#
# When mode=="alias", we're allowing anything that can be in a Postfix
# alias table, i.e. omitting the local part ("@domain.tld") is OK.
# Check the syntax of the address.
try:
validate_email_(email,
allow_smtputf8=False,
check_deliverability=False,
allow_empty_local=(mode=="alias")
)
except EmailNotValidError:
return False
if mode == 'user':
# There are a lot of characters permitted in email addresses, but
# Dovecot's sqlite auth driver seems to get confused if there are any
# unusual characters in the address. Bah. Also note that since
# the mailbox path name is based on the email address, the address
# shouldn't be absurdly long and must not have a forward slash.
# Our database is case sensitive (oops), which affects mail delivery
# (Postfix always queries in lowercase?), so also only permit lowercase
# letters.
if len(email) > 255: return False
if re.search(r'[^\@\.a-z0-9_\-]+', email):
return False
# Everything looks good.
return True
def sanitize_idn_email_address(email):
# The user may enter Unicode in an email address. Convert the domain part
# to IDNA before going into our database. Leave the local part alone ---
# although validate_email will reject non-ASCII characters.
#
# The domain name system only exists in ASCII, so it doesn't make sense
# to store domain names in Unicode. We want to store what is meaningful
# to the underlying protocols.
try:
localpart, domainpart = email.split("@")
domainpart = domainpart.encode("idna").decode('ascii')
return localpart + "@" + domainpart
except:
# Domain part is not IDNA-valid, so leave unchanged. If there
# are non-ASCII characters it will be filtered out by
# validate_email.
return email
def prettify_idn_email_address(email):
# This is the opposite of sanitize_idn_email_address. We store domain
# names in IDNA in the database, but we want to show Unicode to the user.
try:
localpart, domainpart = email.split("@")
domainpart = domainpart.encode("ascii").decode('idna')
return localpart + "@" + domainpart
except:
# Failed to decode IDNA. Should never happen.
return email
def is_dcv_address(email):
email = email.lower()
for localpart in ("admin", "administrator", "postmaster", "hostmaster", "webmaster"):
if email.startswith(localpart+"@") or email.startswith(localpart+"+"):
return True
return False
def open_database(env, with_connection=False):
conn = sqlite3.connect(env["STORAGE_ROOT"] + "/mail/users.sqlite")
if not with_connection:
return conn.cursor()
else:
return conn, conn.cursor()
def get_mail_users(env):
# Returns a flat, sorted list of all user accounts.
c = open_database(env)
c.execute('SELECT email FROM users')
users = [ row[0] for row in c.fetchall() ]
return utils.sort_email_addresses(users, env)
def get_mail_users_ex(env, with_archived=False, with_slow_info=False):
# Returns a complex data structure of all user accounts, optionally
# including archived (status="inactive") accounts.
#
# [
# {
# domain: "domain.tld",
# users: [
# {
# email: "name@domain.tld",
# privileges: [ "priv1", "priv2", ... ],
# status: "active" | "inactive",
# },
# ...
# ]
# },
# ...
# ]
# Get users and their privileges.
users = []
active_accounts = set()
c = open_database(env)
c.execute('SELECT email, privileges FROM users')
for email, privileges in c.fetchall():
active_accounts.add(email)
user = {
"email": email,
"privileges": parse_privs(privileges),
"status": "active",
}
users.append(user)
if with_slow_info:
user["mailbox_size"] = utils.du(os.path.join(env['STORAGE_ROOT'], 'mail/mailboxes', *reversed(email.split("@"))))
# Add in archived accounts.
if with_archived:
root = os.path.join(env['STORAGE_ROOT'], 'mail/mailboxes')
for domain in os.listdir(root):
for user in os.listdir(os.path.join(root, domain)):
email = user + "@" + domain
mbox = os.path.join(root, domain, user)
if email in active_accounts: continue
user = {
"email": email,
"privileges": "",
"status": "inactive",
"mailbox": mbox,
}
users.append(user)
if with_slow_info:
user["mailbox_size"] = utils.du(mbox)
# Group by domain.
domains = { }
for user in users:
domain = get_domain(user["email"])
if domain not in domains:
domains[domain] = {
"domain": domain,
"users": []
}
domains[domain]["users"].append(user)
# Sort domains.
domains = [domains[domain] for domain in utils.sort_domains(domains.keys(), env)]
# Sort users within each domain first by status then lexicographically by email address.
for domain in domains:
domain["users"].sort(key = lambda user : (user["status"] != "active", user["email"]))
return domains
def get_admins(env):
# Returns a set of users with admin privileges.
users = set()
for domain in get_mail_users_ex(env):
for user in domain["users"]:
if "admin" in user["privileges"]:
users.add(user["email"])
return users
def get_mail_aliases(env):
# Returns a sorted list of tuples of (alias, forward-to string).
c = open_database(env)
c.execute('SELECT source, destination FROM aliases')
aliases = { row[0]: row[1] for row in c.fetchall() } # make dict
# put in a canonical order: sort by domain, then by email address lexicographically
aliases = [ (source, aliases[source]) for source in utils.sort_email_addresses(aliases.keys(), env) ]
return aliases
def get_mail_aliases_ex(env):
# Returns a complex data structure of all mail aliases, similar
# to get_mail_users_ex.
#
# [
# {
# domain: "domain.tld",
# alias: [
# {
# source: "name@domain.tld", # IDNA-encoded
# source_display: "name@domain.tld", # full Unicode
# destination: ["target1@domain.com", "target2@domain.com", ...],
# required: True|False
# },
# ...
# ]
# },
# ...
# ]
required_aliases = get_required_aliases(env)
domains = {}
for source, destination in get_mail_aliases(env):
# get alias info
domain = get_domain(source)
required = ((source in required_aliases) or (source == get_system_administrator(env)))
# add to list
if not domain in domains:
domains[domain] = {
"domain": domain,
"aliases": [],
}
domains[domain]["aliases"].append({
"source": source,
"source_display": prettify_idn_email_address(source),
"destination": [prettify_idn_email_address(d.strip()) for d in destination.split(",")],
"required": required,
})
# Sort domains.
domains = [domains[domain] for domain in utils.sort_domains(domains.keys(), env)]
# Sort aliases within each domain first by required-ness then lexicographically by source address.
for domain in domains:
domain["aliases"].sort(key = lambda alias : (alias["required"], alias["source"]))
return domains
def get_domain(emailaddr, as_unicode=True):
# Gets the domain part of an email address. Turns IDNA
# back to Unicode for display.
ret = emailaddr.split('@', 1)[1]
if as_unicode: ret = ret.encode('ascii').decode('idna')
return ret
def get_mail_domains(env, filter_aliases=lambda alias : True):
# Returns the domain names (IDNA-encoded) of all of the email addresses
# configured on the system.
return set(
[get_domain(addr, as_unicode=False) for addr in get_mail_users(env)]
+ [get_domain(source, as_unicode=False) for source, target in get_mail_aliases(env) if filter_aliases((source, target)) ]
)
def add_mail_user(email, pw, privs, env):
# validate email
if email.strip() == "":
return ("No email address provided.", 400)
elif not validate_email(email):
return ("Invalid email address.", 400)
elif not validate_email(email, mode='user'):
return ("User account email addresses may only use the lowercase ASCII letters a-z, the digits 0-9, underscore (_), hyphen (-), and period (.).", 400)
elif is_dcv_address(email) and len(get_mail_users(env)) > 0:
# Make domain control validation hijacking a little harder to mess up by preventing the usual
# addresses used for DCV from being user accounts. Except let it be the first account because
# during box setup the user won't know the rules.
return ("You may not make a user account for that address because it is frequently used for domain control validation. Use an alias instead if necessary.", 400)
# validate password
validate_password(pw)
# validate privileges
if privs is None or privs.strip() == "":
privs = []
else:
privs = privs.split("\n")
for p in privs:
validation = validate_privilege(p)
if validation: return validation
# get the database
conn, c = open_database(env, with_connection=True)
# hash the password
pw = hash_password(pw)
# add the user to the database
try:
c.execute("INSERT INTO users (email, password, privileges) VALUES (?, ?, ?)",
(email, pw, "\n".join(privs)))
except sqlite3.IntegrityError:
return ("User already exists.", 400)
# write databasebefore next step
conn.commit()
# Create & subscribe the user's INBOX, Trash, Spam, and Drafts folders.
# * Our sieve rule for spam expects that the Spam folder exists.
# * Roundcube will show an error if the user tries to delete a message before the Trash folder exists (#359).
# * K-9 mail will poll every 90 seconds if a Drafts folder does not exist, so create it
# to avoid unnecessary polling.
# Check if the mailboxes exist before creating them. When creating a user that had previously
# been deleted, the mailboxes will still exist because they are still on disk.
try:
existing_mboxes = utils.shell('check_output', ["doveadm", "mailbox", "list", "-u", email, "-8"], capture_stderr=True).split("\n")
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
c.execute("DELETE FROM users WHERE email=?", (email,))
conn.commit()
return ("Failed to initialize the user: " + e.output.decode("utf8"), 400)
for folder in ("INBOX", "Trash", "Spam", "Drafts"):
if folder not in existing_mboxes:
utils.shell('check_call', ["doveadm", "mailbox", "create", "-u", email, "-s", folder])
# Update things in case any new domains are added.
return kick(env, "mail user added")
def set_mail_password(email, pw, env):
# validate that password is acceptable
validate_password(pw)
# hash the password
pw = hash_password(pw)
# update the database
conn, c = open_database(env, with_connection=True)
c.execute("UPDATE users SET password=? WHERE email=?", (pw, email))
if c.rowcount != 1:
return ("That's not a user (%s)." % email, 400)
conn.commit()
return "OK"
def hash_password(pw):
# Turn the plain password into a Dovecot-format hashed password, meaning
# something like "{SCHEME}hashedpassworddata".
# http://wiki2.dovecot.org/Authentication/PasswordSchemes
return utils.shell('check_output', ["/usr/bin/doveadm", "pw", "-s", "SHA512-CRYPT", "-p", pw]).strip()
def get_mail_password(email, env):
# Gets the hashed password for a user. Passwords are stored in Dovecot's
# password format, with a prefixed scheme.
# http://wiki2.dovecot.org/Authentication/PasswordSchemes
# update the database
c = open_database(env)
c.execute('SELECT password FROM users WHERE email=?', (email,))
rows = c.fetchall()
if len(rows) != 1:
raise ValueError("That's not a user (%s)." % email)
return rows[0][0]
def remove_mail_user(email, env):
# remove
conn, c = open_database(env, with_connection=True)
c.execute("DELETE FROM users WHERE email=?", (email,))
if c.rowcount != 1:
return ("That's not a user (%s)." % email, 400)
conn.commit()
# Update things in case any domains are removed.
return kick(env, "mail user removed")
def parse_privs(value):
return [p for p in value.split("\n") if p.strip() != ""]
def get_mail_user_privileges(email, env, empty_on_error=False):
# get privs
c = open_database(env)
c.execute('SELECT privileges FROM users WHERE email=?', (email,))
rows = c.fetchall()
if len(rows) != 1:
if empty_on_error: return []
return ("That's not a user (%s)." % email, 400)
return parse_privs(rows[0][0])
def validate_privilege(priv):
if "\n" in priv or priv.strip() == "":
return ("That's not a valid privilege (%s)." % priv, 400)
return None
def add_remove_mail_user_privilege(email, priv, action, env):
# validate
validation = validate_privilege(priv)
if validation: return validation
# get existing privs, but may fail
privs = get_mail_user_privileges(email, env)
if isinstance(privs, tuple): return privs # error
# update privs set
if action == "add":
if priv not in privs:
privs.append(priv)
elif action == "remove":
privs = [p for p in privs if p != priv]
else:
return ("Invalid action.", 400)
# commit to database
conn, c = open_database(env, with_connection=True)
c.execute("UPDATE users SET privileges=? WHERE email=?", ("\n".join(privs), email))
if c.rowcount != 1:
return ("Something went wrong.", 400)
conn.commit()
return "OK"
def add_mail_alias(source, destination, env, update_if_exists=False, do_kick=True):
# convert Unicode domain to IDNA
source = sanitize_idn_email_address(source)
# Our database is case sensitive (oops), which affects mail delivery
# (Postfix always queries in lowercase?), so force lowercase.
source = source.lower()
# validate source
source = source.strip()
if source == "":
return ("No incoming email address provided.", 400)
if not validate_email(source, mode='alias'):
return ("Invalid incoming email address (%s)." % source, 400)
# extra checks for email addresses used in domain control validation
is_dcv_source = is_dcv_address(source)
# validate destination
dests = []
destination = destination.strip()
# Postfix allows a single @domain.tld as the destination, which means
# the local part on the address is preserved in the rewrite. We must
# try to convert Unicode to IDNA first before validating that it's a
# legitimate alias address. Don't allow this sort of rewriting for
# DCV source addresses.
d1 = sanitize_idn_email_address(destination)
if validate_email(d1, mode='alias') and not is_dcv_source:
dests.append(d1)
else:
# Parse comma and \n-separated destination emails & validate. In this
# case, the recipients must be complete email addresses.
for line in destination.split("\n"):
for email in line.split(","):
email = email.strip()
if email == "": continue
email = sanitize_idn_email_address(email) # Unicode => IDNA
if not validate_email(email):
return ("Invalid destination email address (%s)." % email, 400)
if is_dcv_source and not is_dcv_address(email) and "admin" not in get_mail_user_privileges(email, env, empty_on_error=True):
# Make domain control validation hijacking a little harder to mess up by
# requiring aliases for email addresses typically used in DCV to forward
# only to accounts that are administrators on this system.
return ("This alias can only have administrators of this system as destinations because the address is frequently used for domain control validation.", 400)
dests.append(email)
if len(destination) == 0:
return ("No destination email address(es) provided.", 400)
destination = ",".join(dests)
# save to db
conn, c = open_database(env, with_connection=True)
try:
c.execute("INSERT INTO aliases (source, destination) VALUES (?, ?)", (source, destination))
return_status = "alias added"
except sqlite3.IntegrityError:
if not update_if_exists:
return ("Alias already exists (%s)." % source, 400)
else:
c.execute("UPDATE aliases SET destination = ? WHERE source = ?", (destination, source))
return_status = "alias updated"
conn.commit()
if do_kick:
# Update things in case any new domains are added.
return kick(env, return_status)
def remove_mail_alias(source, env, do_kick=True):
# convert Unicode domain to IDNA
source = sanitize_idn_email_address(source)
# remove
conn, c = open_database(env, with_connection=True)
c.execute("DELETE FROM aliases WHERE source=?", (source,))
if c.rowcount != 1:
return ("That's not an alias (%s)." % source, 400)
conn.commit()
if do_kick:
# Update things in case any domains are removed.
return kick(env, "alias removed")
def get_system_administrator(env):
return "administrator@" + env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME']
def get_required_aliases(env):
# These are the aliases that must exist.
aliases = set()
# The hostmaster alias is exposed in the DNS SOA for each zone.
aliases.add("hostmaster@" + env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME'])
# Get a list of domains we serve mail for, except ones for which the only
# email on that domain is a postmaster/admin alias to the administrator
# or a wildcard alias (since it will forward postmaster/admin).
real_mail_domains = get_mail_domains(env,
filter_aliases = lambda alias :
((not alias[0].startswith("postmaster@") and not alias[0].startswith("admin@")) or alias[1] != get_system_administrator(env))
and not alias[0].startswith("@")
)
# Create postmaster@ and admin@ for all domains we serve mail on.
# postmaster@ is assumed to exist by our Postfix configuration. admin@
# isn't anything, but it might save the user some trouble e.g. when
# buying an SSL certificate.
for domain in real_mail_domains:
aliases.add("postmaster@" + domain)
aliases.add("admin@" + domain)
return aliases
def kick(env, mail_result=None):
results = []
# Include the current operation's result in output.
if mail_result is not None:
results.append(mail_result + "\n")
# Ensure every required alias exists.
existing_users = get_mail_users(env)
existing_aliases = get_mail_aliases(env)
required_aliases = get_required_aliases(env)
def ensure_admin_alias_exists(source):
# If a user account exists with that address, we're good.
if source in existing_users:
return
# Does this alias exists?
for s, t in existing_aliases:
if s == source:
return
# Doesn't exist.
administrator = get_system_administrator(env)
add_mail_alias(source, administrator, env, do_kick=False)
results.append("added alias %s (=> %s)\n" % (source, administrator))
for alias in required_aliases:
ensure_admin_alias_exists(alias)
# Remove auto-generated postmaster/admin on domains we no
# longer have any other email addresses for.
for source, target in existing_aliases:
user, domain = source.split("@")
if user in ("postmaster", "admin") \
and source not in required_aliases \
and target == get_system_administrator(env):
remove_mail_alias(source, env, do_kick=False)
results.append("removed alias %s (was to %s; domain no longer used for email)\n" % (source, target))
# Update DNS and nginx in case any domains are added/removed.
from dns_update import do_dns_update
results.append( do_dns_update(env) )
from web_update import do_web_update
results.append( do_web_update(env) )
return "".join(s for s in results if s != "")
def validate_password(pw):
# validate password
if pw.strip() == "":
raise ValueError("No password provided.")
if re.search(r"[\s]", pw):
raise ValueError("Passwords cannot contain spaces.")
if len(pw) < 4:
raise ValueError("Passwords must be at least four characters.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
if len(sys.argv) > 2 and sys.argv[1] == "validate-email":
# Validate that we can create a Dovecot account for a given string.
if validate_email(sys.argv[2], mode='user'):
sys.exit(0)
else:
sys.exit(1)
if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == "update":
from utils import load_environment
print(kick(load_environment()))
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