Add support for client certificates for registries

This lets you specify custom client TLS certificates and CA root for a
specific registry hostname. Docker will then verify the registry
against the CA and present the client cert when talking to that
registry.  This allows the registry to verify that the client has a
proper key, indicating that the client is allowed to access the
images.

A custom cert is configured by creating a directory in
/etc/docker/certs.d with the same name as the registry hostname. Inside
this directory all *.crt files are added as CA Roots (if none exists,
the system default is used) and pair of files <filename>.key and
<filename>.cert indicate a custom certificate to present to the registry.

If there are multiple certificates each one will be tried in
alphabetical order, proceeding to the next if we get a 403 of 5xx
response.

So, an example setup would be:
/etc/docker/certs.d/
└── localhost
    ├── client.cert
    ├── client.key
    └── localhost.crt

A simple way to test this setup is to use an apache server to host a
registry. Just copy a registry tree into the apache root, here is an
example one containing the busybox image:
  http://people.gnome.org/~alexl/v1.tar.gz

Then add this conf file as /etc/httpd/conf.d/registry.conf:

 # This must be in the root context, otherwise it causes a re-negotiation
 # which is not supported by the tls implementation in go
 SSLVerifyClient optional_no_ca

 <Location /v1>
 Action cert-protected /cgi-bin/cert.cgi
 SetHandler cert-protected

 Header set x-docker-registry-version "0.6.2"
 SetEnvIf Host (.*) custom_host=$1
 Header set X-Docker-Endpoints "%{custom_host}e"
 </Location>

And this as /var/www/cgi-bin/cert.cgi

 #!/bin/bash
 if [ "$HTTPS" != "on" ]; then
     echo "Status: 403 Not using SSL"
     echo "x-docker-registry-version: 0.6.2"
     echo
     exit 0
 fi
 if [ "$SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY" == "NONE" ]; then
     echo "Status: 403 Client certificate invalid"
     echo "x-docker-registry-version: 0.6.2"
     echo
     exit 0
 fi
 echo "Content-length: $(stat --printf='%s' $PATH_TRANSLATED)"
 echo "x-docker-registry-version: 0.6.2"
 echo "X-Docker-Endpoints: $SERVER_NAME"
 echo "X-Docker-Size: 0"
 echo

 cat $PATH_TRANSLATED

This will return 403 for all accessed to /v1 unless *any* client cert
is presented. Obviously a real implementation would verify more details
about the certificate.

Example client certs can be generated with:

openssl genrsa -out client.key 1024
openssl req -new -x509 -text -key client.key -out client.cert

Docker-DCO-1.1-Signed-off-by: Alexander Larsson <alexl@redhat.com> (github: alexlarsson)

docs/mkdocs.yml

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ pages:
 - ['articles/security.md', 'Articles', 'Security']
 - ['articles/https.md', 'Articles', 'Running Docker with HTTPS']
 - ['articles/host_integration.md', 'Articles', 'Automatically starting Containers']
+- ['articles/certificates.md', 'Articles', 'Using certificates for repository client verification']
 - ['articles/using_supervisord.md', 'Articles', 'Using Supervisor']
 - ['articles/cfengine_process_management.md', 'Articles', 'Process management with CFEngine']
 - ['articles/puppet.md', 'Articles', 'Using Puppet']

docs/sources/articles/certificates.md

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+page_title: Using certificates for repository client verification
+page_description: How to set up per-repository client certificates
+page_keywords: Usage, repository, certificate, root, docker, documentation, examples
+
+# Using certificates for repository client verification
+
+This lets you specify custom client TLS certificates and CA root for a
+specific registry hostname. Docker will then verify the registry
+against the CA and present the client cert when talking to that
+registry. This allows the registry to verify that the client has a
+proper key, indicating that the client is allowed to access the
+images.
+
+A custom cert is configured by creating a directory in
+`/etc/docker/certs.d` with the same name as the registry hostname. Inside
+this directory all .crt files are added as CA Roots (if none exists,
+the system default is used) and pair of files `$filename.key` and
+`$filename.cert` indicate a custom certificate to present to the
+registry.
+
+If there are multiple certificates each one will be tried in
+alphabetical order, proceeding to the next if we get a 403 of 5xx
+response.
+
+So, an example setup would be::
+
+    /etc/docker/certs.d/
+    └── localhost
+       ├── client.cert
+       ├── client.key
+       └── localhost.crt
+
+A simple way to test this setup is to use an apache server to host a
+registry. Just copy a registry tree into the apache root,
+[here](http://people.gnome.org/~alexl/v1.tar.gz) is an example one
+containing the busybox image.
+
+Then add this conf file as `/etc/httpd/conf.d/registry.conf`:
+
+    # This must be in the root context, otherwise it causes a re-negotiation
+    # which is not supported by the tls implementation in go
+    SSLVerifyClient optional_no_ca
+
+    <Location /v1>
+    Action cert-protected /cgi-bin/cert.cgi
+    SetHandler cert-protected
+
+    Header set x-docker-registry-version "0.6.2"
+    SetEnvIf Host (.*) custom_host=$1
+    Header set X-Docker-Endpoints "%{custom_host}e"
+    </Location>
+
+And this as `/var/www/cgi-bin/cert.cgi`:
+
+    #!/bin/bash
+    if [ "$HTTPS" != "on" ]; then
+        echo "Status: 403 Not using SSL"
+        echo "x-docker-registry-version: 0.6.2"
+        echo
+        exit 0
+    fi
+    if [ "$SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY" == "NONE" ]; then
+        echo "Status: 403 Client certificate invalid"
+        echo "x-docker-registry-version: 0.6.2"
+        echo
+        exit 0
+    fi
+    echo "Content-length: $(stat --printf='%s' $PATH_TRANSLATED)"
+    echo "x-docker-registry-version: 0.6.2"
+    echo "X-Docker-Endpoints: $SERVER_NAME"
+    echo "X-Docker-Size: 0"
+    echo
+
+    cat $PATH_TRANSLATED
+
+This will return 403 for all accessed to `/v1` unless any client cert is
+presented. Obviously a real implementation would verify more details
+about the certificate.
+
+Example client certs can be generated with::
+
+    openssl genrsa -out client.key 1024
+    openssl req -new -x509 -text -key client.key -out client.cert

docs/sources/use.md

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Use
+
+## Contents:
+
+ - [First steps with Docker](basics/)
+ - [Share Images via Repositories](workingwithrepository/)
+ - [Redirect Ports](port_redirection/)
+ - [Configure Networking](networking/)
+ - [Automatically Start Containers](host_integration/)
+ - [Share Directories via Volumes](working_with_volumes/)
+ - [Link Containers](working_with_links_names/)
+ - [Link via an Ambassador Container](ambassador_pattern_linking/)
+ - [Using Puppet](puppet/)
+ - [Using certificates for repository client verification](certificates/)

registry/registry.go

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"crypto/sha256"
 	_ "crypto/sha512"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"crypto/x509"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -13,6 +15,8 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/cookiejar"
 	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path"
 	"regexp"
 	"runtime"
 	"strconv"
@@ -29,31 +33,155 @@ var (
 	errLoginRequired         = errors.New("Authentication is required.")
 )
 
+type TimeoutType uint32
+
+const (
+	NoTimeout TimeoutType = iota
+	ReceiveTimeout
+	ConnectTimeout
+)
+
+func newClient(jar http.CookieJar, roots *x509.CertPool, cert *tls.Certificate, timeout TimeoutType) *http.Client {
+	tlsConfig := tls.Config{RootCAs: roots}
+
+	if cert != nil {
+		tlsConfig.Certificates = append(tlsConfig.Certificates, *cert)
+	}
+
+	httpTransport := &http.Transport{
+		DisableKeepAlives: true,
+		Proxy:             http.ProxyFromEnvironment,
+		TLSClientConfig:   &tlsConfig,
+	}
+
+	switch timeout {
+	case ConnectTimeout:
+		httpTransport.Dial = func(proto string, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			// Set the connect timeout to 5 seconds
+			conn, err := net.DialTimeout(proto, addr, 5*time.Second)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			// Set the recv timeout to 10 seconds
+			conn.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(10 * time.Second))
+			return conn, nil
+		}
+	case ReceiveTimeout:
+		httpTransport.Dial = func(proto string, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			conn, err := net.Dial(proto, addr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			conn = utils.NewTimeoutConn(conn, 1*time.Minute)
+			return conn, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &http.Client{
+		Transport:     httpTransport,
+		CheckRedirect: AddRequiredHeadersToRedirectedRequests,
+		Jar:           jar,
+	}
+}
+
+func doRequest(req *http.Request, jar http.CookieJar, timeout TimeoutType) (*http.Response, *http.Client, error) {
+	hasFile := func(files []os.FileInfo, name string) bool {
+		for _, f := range files {
+			if f.Name() == name {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+		return false
+	}
+
+	hostDir := path.Join("/etc/docker/certs.d", req.URL.Host)
+	fs, err := ioutil.ReadDir(hostDir)
+	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	var (
+		pool  *x509.CertPool
+		certs []*tls.Certificate
+	)
+
+	for _, f := range fs {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(f.Name(), ".crt") {
+			if pool == nil {
+				pool = x509.NewCertPool()
+			}
+			data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path.Join(hostDir, f.Name()))
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, err
+			} else {
+				pool.AppendCertsFromPEM(data)
+			}
+		}
+		if strings.HasSuffix(f.Name(), ".cert") {
+			certName := f.Name()
+			keyName := certName[:len(certName)-5] + ".key"
+			if !hasFile(fs, keyName) {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Missing key %s for certificate %s", keyName, certName)
+			} else {
+				cert, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair(path.Join(hostDir, certName), path.Join(hostDir, keyName))
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, nil, err
+				}
+				certs = append(certs, &cert)
+			}
+		}
+		if strings.HasSuffix(f.Name(), ".key") {
+			keyName := f.Name()
+			certName := keyName[:len(keyName)-4] + ".cert"
+			if !hasFile(fs, certName) {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Missing certificate %s for key %s", certName, keyName)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(certs) == 0 {
+		client := newClient(jar, pool, nil, timeout)
+		res, err := client.Do(req)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+		return res, client, nil
+	} else {
+		for i, cert := range certs {
+			client := newClient(jar, pool, cert, timeout)
+			res, err := client.Do(req)
+			if i == len(certs)-1 {
+				// If this is the last cert, always return the result
+				return res, client, err
+			} else {
+				// Otherwise, continue to next cert if 403 or 5xx
+				if err == nil && res.StatusCode != 403 && !(res.StatusCode >= 500 && res.StatusCode < 600) {
+					return res, client, err
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil, nil, nil
+}
+
 func pingRegistryEndpoint(endpoint string) (RegistryInfo, error) {
 	if endpoint == IndexServerAddress() {
 		// Skip the check, we now this one is valid
 		// (and we never want to fallback to http in case of error)
 		return RegistryInfo{Standalone: false}, nil
 	}
-	httpDial := func(proto string, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
-		// Set the connect timeout to 5 seconds
-		conn, err := net.DialTimeout(proto, addr, 5*time.Second)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		// Set the recv timeout to 10 seconds
-		conn.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(10 * time.Second))
-		return conn, nil
-	}
-	httpTransport := &http.Transport{
-		Dial:  httpDial,
-		Proxy: http.ProxyFromEnvironment,
-	}
-	client := &http.Client{Transport: httpTransport}
-	resp, err := client.Get(endpoint + "_ping")
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", endpoint+"_ping", nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return RegistryInfo{Standalone: false}, err
 	}
+
+	resp, _, err := doRequest(req, nil, ConnectTimeout)
+	if err != nil {
+		return RegistryInfo{Standalone: false}, err
+	}
+
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
 
 	jsonString, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
@@ -171,6 +299,10 @@ func setTokenAuth(req *http.Request, token []string) {
 	}
 }
 
+func (r *Registry) doRequest(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, *http.Client, error) {
+	return doRequest(req, r.jar, r.timeout)
+}
+
 // Retrieve the history of a given image from the Registry.
 // Return a list of the parent's json (requested image included)
 func (r *Registry) GetRemoteHistory(imgID, registry string, token []string) ([]string, error) {
@@ -179,7 +311,7 @@ func (r *Registry) GetRemoteHistory(imgID, registry string, token []string) ([]s
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	setTokenAuth(req, token)
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -214,7 +346,7 @@ func (r *Registry) LookupRemoteImage(imgID, registry string, token []string) boo
 		return false
 	}
 	setTokenAuth(req, token)
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Errorf("Error in LookupRemoteImage %s", err)
 		return false
@@ -231,7 +363,7 @@ func (r *Registry) GetRemoteImageJSON(imgID, registry string, token []string) ([
 		return nil, -1, fmt.Errorf("Failed to download json: %s", err)
 	}
 	setTokenAuth(req, token)
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, -1, fmt.Errorf("Failed to download json: %s", err)
 	}
@@ -260,6 +392,7 @@ func (r *Registry) GetRemoteImageLayer(imgID, registry string, token []string, i
 	var (
 		retries   = 5
 		headRes   *http.Response
+		client    *http.Client
 		hasResume bool = false
 		imageURL       = fmt.Sprintf("%simages/%s/layer", registry, imgID)
 	)
@@ -267,9 +400,10 @@ func (r *Registry) GetRemoteImageLayer(imgID, registry string, token []string, i
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error while getting from the server: %s\n", err)
 	}
+
 	setTokenAuth(headReq, token)
 	for i := 1; i <= retries; i++ {
-		headRes, err = r.client.Do(headReq)
+		headRes, client, err = r.doRequest(headReq)
 		if err != nil && i == retries {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Eror while making head request: %s\n", err)
 		} else if err != nil {
@@ -290,10 +424,10 @@ func (r *Registry) GetRemoteImageLayer(imgID, registry string, token []string, i
 	setTokenAuth(req, token)
 	if hasResume {
 		utils.Debugf("server supports resume")
-		return utils.ResumableRequestReader(r.client, req, 5, imgSize), nil
+		return utils.ResumableRequestReader(client, req, 5, imgSize), nil
 	}
 	utils.Debugf("server doesn't support resume")
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -319,7 +453,7 @@ func (r *Registry) GetRemoteTags(registries []string, repository string, token [
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		setTokenAuth(req, token)
-		res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+		res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -380,7 +514,7 @@ func (r *Registry) GetRepositoryData(remote string) (*RepositoryData, error) {
 	}
 	req.Header.Set("X-Docker-Token", "true")
 
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -448,13 +582,13 @@ func (r *Registry) PushImageChecksumRegistry(imgData *ImgData, registry string,
 	req.Header.Set("X-Docker-Checksum", imgData.Checksum)
 	req.Header.Set("X-Docker-Checksum-Payload", imgData.ChecksumPayload)
 
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("Failed to upload metadata: %s", err)
 	}
 	defer res.Body.Close()
 	if len(res.Cookies()) > 0 {
-		r.client.Jar.SetCookies(req.URL, res.Cookies())
+		r.jar.SetCookies(req.URL, res.Cookies())
 	}
 	if res.StatusCode != 200 {
 		errBody, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
@@ -484,7 +618,7 @@ func (r *Registry) PushImageJSONRegistry(imgData *ImgData, jsonRaw []byte, regis
 	req.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
 	setTokenAuth(req, token)
 
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("Failed to upload metadata: %s", err)
 	}
@@ -525,7 +659,7 @@ func (r *Registry) PushImageLayerRegistry(imgID string, layer io.Reader, registr
 	req.ContentLength = -1
 	req.TransferEncoding = []string{"chunked"}
 	setTokenAuth(req, token)
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("Failed to upload layer: %s", err)
 	}
@@ -562,7 +696,7 @@ func (r *Registry) PushRegistryTag(remote, revision, tag, registry string, token
 	req.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
 	setTokenAuth(req, token)
 	req.ContentLength = int64(len(revision))
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -610,7 +744,7 @@ func (r *Registry) PushImageJSONIndex(remote string, imgList []*ImgData, validat
 		req.Header["X-Docker-Endpoints"] = regs
 	}
 
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -629,7 +763,7 @@ func (r *Registry) PushImageJSONIndex(remote string, imgList []*ImgData, validat
 		if validate {
 			req.Header["X-Docker-Endpoints"] = regs
 		}
-		res, err = r.client.Do(req)
+		res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -688,7 +822,7 @@ func (r *Registry) SearchRepositories(term string) (*SearchResults, error) {
 		req.SetBasicAuth(r.authConfig.Username, r.authConfig.Password)
 	}
 	req.Header.Set("X-Docker-Token", "true")
-	res, err := r.client.Do(req)
+	res, _, err := r.doRequest(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -750,10 +884,11 @@ type RegistryInfo struct {
 }
 
 type Registry struct {
-	client        *http.Client
 	authConfig    *AuthConfig
 	reqFactory    *utils.HTTPRequestFactory
 	indexEndpoint string
+	jar           *cookiejar.Jar
+	timeout       TimeoutType
 }
 
 func trustedLocation(req *http.Request) bool {
@@ -791,30 +926,16 @@ func AddRequiredHeadersToRedirectedRequests(req *http.Request, via []*http.Reque
 }
 
 func NewRegistry(authConfig *AuthConfig, factory *utils.HTTPRequestFactory, indexEndpoint string, timeout bool) (r *Registry, err error) {
-	httpTransport := &http.Transport{
-		DisableKeepAlives: true,
-		Proxy:             http.ProxyFromEnvironment,
-	}
-	if timeout {
-		httpTransport.Dial = func(proto string, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
-			conn, err := net.Dial(proto, addr)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			conn = utils.NewTimeoutConn(conn, 1*time.Minute)
-			return conn, nil
-		}
-	}
 	r = &Registry{
-		authConfig: authConfig,
-		client: &http.Client{
-			Transport:     httpTransport,
-			CheckRedirect: AddRequiredHeadersToRedirectedRequests,
-		},
+		authConfig:    authConfig,
 		indexEndpoint: indexEndpoint,
 	}
 
-	r.client.Jar, err = cookiejar.New(nil)
+	if timeout {
+		r.timeout = ReceiveTimeout
+	}
+
+	r.jar, err = cookiejar.New(nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}