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        <title>Running a SteamOS VM in VirtualBox</title>
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            <h1>Running a SteamOS VM in VirtualBox</h1>
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          <h2>What is SteamOS?</h2>

<blockquote><em>SteamOS is a Linux distribution developed by Valve. It is open source with some closed source components and is the primary operating system for Steam Machines and the Steam Deck. -<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SteamOS" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SteamOS</a></em></blockquote>

<h2>DISCLAIMER</h2>

<p>You cannot game in this VM as it lacks graphics acceleration. It is, however, very handy for developers in need of a test version of SteamOS and for testing things in the desktop environment.</p>

<h2>Things You Will Need</h2>

<ul>
	<li class="noCheckbox"><a href="https://www.7-zip.org/" target="_blank">7-Zip</a> installed</li>
</ul>

<h2>Preparing for Installation</h2>

<ol>
	<li>Open a web browser and navigate to <a href="https://store.steampowered.com/steamos/download/?ver=steamdeck&amp;snr=" style="font-size: inherit;" target="_blank">https://store.steampowered.com/steamos/download/?ver=steamdeck&amp;snr=</a></li>
	<li>Check the license agreement checkbox and click the Download SteamOS Deck Image button</li>
	<li>Open File Explorer and navigate to the download location</li>
	<li>Right click on the downloaded SteamOS recovery .bz2 archive &gt; 7-Zip &gt; Extract Here</li>
	<li>Rename the extracted file steamos-recovery.img</li>
	<li>While holding Shift, right click in the white space and select Open PowerShell window here</li>
	<li>Execute the following commands in the PowerShell window
	<div class="codeBlock PS"># rename steamdeck recovery image<br />
	mv .\steamdeck-recovery*.img .\steamdeck-recovery.img<br />
	# convert the recovery .img to .vdi<br />
	&amp; &quot;$ENV:ProgramFiles\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe&quot; convertfromraw --format VDI .\steamdeck-recovery.img .\steamdeck-recovery.vdi</div>
	</li>
</ol>

<h2>Creating the SteamOS VM</h2>

<ol>
	<li>Launch the VirtualBox VM Manager</li>
	<li>Create a New VM by selecting Machine &gt; New
	<p>Name: SteamOS<br />
	Machine Folder: C:\VMs<br />
	Type: Linux<br />
	Version: Arch (64-bit)<br />
	Memory Size: 4096 MB or more<br />
	Hard disk:<br />
	&emsp;File size: 40 GB<br />
	&emsp;Hard disk file type: VDI<br />
	&emsp;Storage on physical hard disk: Dynamically Allocated</p>
	</li>
	<li>Click Create</li>
	<li>Select the VM and Click Settings</li>
	<li>Select System</li>
	<li>Check the Enable EFI checkbox</li>
	<li>On the Processor tab, give the VM at least 2 processors</li>
	<li>Select Display</li>
	<li>Slide the Video Memory to 128 MB</li>
	<li>Select Network</li>
	<li>Set the attached to dropdown to Bridged Adapter</li>
	<li>Select Storage</li>
	<li>Click on the Add Hard Disk button across from the SATA controller</li>
	<li>Click Add &gt; Browse to and select the steamdeck-recovery .vdi file created earlier &gt; Click Choose</li>
	<li>Click OK</li>
	<li>Make sure the SteamOS VM is selected and click Start &gt; Normal</li>
</ol>

<h2>Installing SteamOS</h2>

<ol>
	<li>Wait for the desktop environment to boot</li>
	<li>Double click Terminal with repair tools on the desktop</li>
	<li>Run the following commands in the terminal
	<div class="codeBlock"># list disks<br />
	# note the device id for VBOX HARDDISK<br />
	# should be /dev/sda<br />
	sudo fdisk -l<br />
	# edit the recovery installation script<br />
	nano ./tools/repair_device.sh</div>
	</li>
	<li>Locate the DISK= line and edit the value to match the device ID of the VBOX HARDDISK noted earlier (ie /dev/sda)</li>
	<li>Locate the DISKSUFFIX= line and delete the p to leave a blank value</li>
	<li>Press CTRL+O, Enter, CTRL+X to write the changes</li>
	<li>Continue with the following commands in the terminal
	<div class="codeBlock">sudo ./tools/repair_device.sh all</div>
	</li>
	<li>When prompted, click Proceed to confirm destroying data on /dev/sda</li>
	<li>Once the installation completes, click Cancel</li>
	<li>Continue with the following commands in the terminal
	<div class="codeBlock"># chroot to steamos install<br />
	sudo steamos-chroot --disk /dev/sda --partset A<br />
	# allow writing to steamos partition<br />
	steamos-readonly disable<br />
	# set a password<br />
	passwd<br />
	# enter and confirm a password<br />
	# set steamos default to boot to desktop mode<br />
	echo -e &#39;[Autologin]\nSession=plasma.desktop&#39; &gt; /etc/sddm.conf.d/zz-steamos-desktopmode.conf<br />
	# set steamos partition back to readonly<br />
	steamos-readonly enable<br />
	# exit chroot<br />
	exit<br />
	# chroot to steamos install<br />
	sudo steamos-chroot --disk /dev/sda --partset B<br />
	# allow writing to steamos partition<br />
	steamos-readonly disable<br />
	# set a password<br />
	passwd<br />
	# enter and confirm a password<br />
	# set steamos default to boot to desktop mode<br />
	echo -e &#39;[Autologin]\nSession=plasma.desktop&#39; &gt; /etc/sddm.conf.d/zz-steamos-desktopmode.conf<br />
	# set steamos partition back to readonly<br />
	steamos-readonly enable<br />
	# exit chroot<br />
	exit<br />
	# shutdown the VM<br />
	sudo shutdown now</div>
	</li>
	<li>Make sure the SteamOS VM is selected and click Settings</li>
	<li>Select Storage</li>
	<li>Right click the steamdeck-recovery.img device &gt; Remove attachment</li>
	<li>Click OK</li>
	<li>Make sure the SteamOS VM is selected and click Start &gt; Normal</li>
	<li>Welcome to SteamOS</li>
</ol>

<h2>Install VirtualBox Guest Additions (Optional, but recommended)</h2>

<ol>
	<li>Continue with the following commands in the terminal
	<div class="codeBlock"># verify password is set<br />
	passwd<br />
	# enter and confirm a password<br />
	# allow writing to steamos partition<br />
	steamos-readonly disable<br />
	# remove pacman keys<br />
	sudo rm /etc/pacman.d/gnupg -R<br />
	# reinitialize pacman keys<br />
	sudo pacman-key --init<br />
	# add arch linux pacman keys<br />
	sudo pacman-key --populate archlinux<br />
	# edit the pacman config file<br />
	sudo nano /etc/pacman.conf</div>
	</li>
	<li>Edit each repository name, adding -rel inside the square brackets
	<p>[jupiter] =&gt; [jupiter-rel]<br />
	[holo] =&gt; [holo-rel]<br />
	[core] =&gt; [core-rel]<br />
	[extra] =&gt; [extra-rel]<br />
	[community] =&gt; [community-rel]<br />
	[multilib] =&gt; [multilib-rel]</p>
	</li>
	<li>Press CTRL+O, Enter, CTRL+X to write the changes</li>
	<li>Continue with the following steps in the terminal
	<div class="codeBlock"># update packages<br />
	sudo pacman -Syu</div>
	</li>
	<li>From the VirtualBox menu, select Devices &gt; Insert Guest Additions CD image...</li>
	<li>Open the Dolphin file browser application &gt; Select the Guest Additions Disc &gt; Right click in the white space &gt; Open Terminal</li>
	<li>In the Terminal window run the following commands
	<div class="codeBlock"># install guest additions<br />
	sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run<br />
	# start guest additions<br />
	sudo /sbin/rcvboxadd quicksetup all<br />
	# reboot<br />
	sudo reboot now</div>
	</li>
	<li>The VM will reboot</li>
	<li>Upon rebooting, you can now full screen the VM and the internal resolution will automatically change to match the window size</li>
	<li>Log back into SteamOS</li>
</ol>          </div>
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