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        <title>Install a Self-Hosted Bitwarden/Vaultwarden Password Vault on Debian</title>
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            <h1>Install a Self-Hosted Bitwarden/Vaultwarden Password Vault on Debian</h1>
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          <h2>What is Bitwarden?</h2>

<p><em>Bitwarden is a free and open-source password management service that stores sensitive information such as website credentials in an encrypted vault. The Bitwarden platform offers a variety of client applications including a web interface, desktop applications, browser extensions, mobile apps, and a CLI. Bitwarden offers a cloud-hosted service as well as the ability to deploy the solution on-premises. - <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwarden" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwarden</a></em></p>

<h2>Install Bitwarden/Vaultwarden</h2>

<ol>
	<li>Log into the Linux device</li>
	<li>Run the following commands in a terminal window
	<div class="codeBlock"># update software repositories<br />
	sudo apt update<br />
	# install available software updates<br />
	sudo apt upgrade -y<br />
	# install prerequisites<br />
	sudo apt install git curl build-essential pkg-config libssl-dev openssl libssl1.1 libmariadb-dev-compat libmariadb-dev -y<br />
	# add nodejs software repository<br />
	curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_16.x | sudo bash -<br />
	# install nodejs<br />
	sudo apt install nodejs -y<br />
	# install rust, enter 1 at the prompt<br />
	curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sudo sh<br />
	# configure the shell<br />
	source $HOME/.cargo/env<br />
	# clone vaultwarden from git<br />
	git clone https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden.git ./vaultwarden<br />
	# cd into the new directory<br />
	cd vaultwarden/<br />
	# checkout latest version<br />
	git checkout &quot;$(git tag --sort=v:refname | tail -n1)&quot;<br />
	# build vaultwarden with mysql support<br />
	cargo build --features mysql,sqlite --release<br />
	# cd back one directory<br />
	cd ..<br />
	# clone web from git<br />
	git clone https://github.com/bitwarden/web.git ./web<br />
	# cd into the new web<br />
	cd web/<br />
	# checkout the latest version<br />
	git checkout &quot;$(git tag --sort=v:refname | tail -n1)&quot;<br />
	# update submodule<br />
	git submodule update --init --recursive<br />
	# download web patch<br />
	wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dani-garcia/bw_web_builds/master/patches/$(git tag --sort=v:refname | tail -n1).patch<br />
	# apply patch<br />
	git apply $(git tag --sort=v:refname | tail -n1).patch --verbose<br />
	# clean npm cache<br />
	npm cache clean --force<br />
	# initialize npm<br />
	npm run sub:init<br />
	# install npm dependencies<br />
	npm install<br />
	# fix npm vulnerabilities<br />
	npm audit fix<br />
	# build web vault<br />
	npm run dist:bit:selfhost<br />
	# copy the build directory into vaultwarden/web-vault<br />
	cp -a build ../vaultwarden/target/release/web-vault<br />
	# cd into vaultwarden<br />
	cd ../vaultwarden/target/release/<br />
	# create a data directory<br />
	mkdir data<br />
	# run vaultwarden<br />
	./vaultwarden</div>
	</li>
	<li>Open a web browser and navigate to https://DNSorIP:8000</li>
	<li>Click the Create Account button</li>
	<li>Complete the form by entering an Email Address, Name, Master Password and Password Hint (optional) &gt; Click Submit</li>
	<li>Login with the account created in the last step</li>
	<li>Welcome to your self-hosted Bitwarden password vault</li>
</ol>

<h2>Run Bitwarden/Vaultwarden as a Service (Optional, but recommended)</h2>

<ol>
	<li>Press CTRL + C to kill the running Vaultwarden process</li>
	<li>Continue with the following steps to run Vaultwarden as a service
	<div class="codeBlock"># cd to vaultwarden/target/release<br />
	cd ~/vaultwarden/target/release<br />
	# copy the .env template<br />
	sudo cp ../../.env.template /etc/vaultwarden.env<br />
	# copy vaultwarden executable<br />
	sudo cp vaultwarden /usr/bin/vaultwarden<br />
	# make vaultwarden executable<br />
	sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/vaultwarden<br />
	# create vaultwarden user<br />
	sudo useradd -m -d /var/lib/vaultwarden vaultwarden<br />
	# copy existing data directory<br />
	sudo cp -R data /var/lib/vaultwarden/<br />
	# copy web-vault directory<br />
	sudo cp -R web-vault /var/lib/vaultwarden/<br />
	# set ownership permissions<br />
	sudo chown -R vaultwarden:vaultwarden /var/lib/vaultwarden<br />
	# create service file<br />
	sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/vaultwarden.service</div>
	</li>
	<li>Paste the following configuration into vaultwarden.service
	<p>[Unit]<br />
	Description=Vaultwarden Server<br />
	<br />
	# Only sqlite<br />
	After=network.target</p>

	<p>[Service]<br />
	User=vaultwarden<br />
	Group=vaultwarden<br />
	EnvironmentFile=/etc/vaultwarden.env<br />
	ExecStart=/usr/bin/vaultwarden<br />
	PrivateTmp=true<br />
	PrivateDevices=true<br />
	ProtectHome=true<br />
	ProtectSystem=strict<br />
	WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/vaultwarden<br />
	ReadWriteDirectories=/var/lib/vaultwarden<br />
	AmbientCapabilities=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE</p>

	<p>[Install]<br />
	WantedBy=multi-user.target</p>
	</li>
	<li>Press CTRL+O, Enter, CTRL+X to write the changes to vaultwarden.service</li>
	<li>Continue with the following commands to enable the site and start vaultwarden:
	<div class="codeBlock"># reload systemd services<br />
	sudo systemctl daemon-reload<br />
	# start vaultwarden service on boot and now<br />
	sudo systemctl enable vaultwarden --now</div>
	</li>
	<li>Refresh the open web browser to verify Bitwarden is accessible</li>
</ol>
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