0284: Setting Up OpenWRT OpenVPN Server and Certificate Creation
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<head>
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<title>Setting Up OpenWRT OpenVPN Server and Certificate Creation</title>
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<link href="css/steps.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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</head>
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<body>
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<div id="gridContainer">
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<div class="topMargin"></div>
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<div id="listName" class="topMargin">
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<h1>Setting Up OpenWRT OpenVPN Server and Certificate Creation</h1>
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</div>
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<div></div>
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<div id="content">
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<h2>Create Required Certificates</h2>
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<ol>
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<li>Launch XCA</li>
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<li>Open the PKI database if it is not already (File > Open DataBase), enter password</li>
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<li>Click on the Certificates tab, right click on your Intermediate CA certificate</li>
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<li>Select New</li>
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<li>On the Source tab, make sure Use this Certificate for signing is selected</li>
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<li>Verify your Intermediate CA certificate is selected from the drop down</li>
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<li>Click the Subject tab</li>
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<li>Complete the Distinguished Name section
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<p>internalName: OpenVPN Server<br />
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countryName: US<br />
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stateOrProvinceName: Virginia<br />
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localityName: Northern<br />
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organizationName: i12bretro<br />
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organizationUnitName: i12bretro Certificate Authority<br />
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commonName: vpn.i12bretro.local</p>
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</li>
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<li>Click the Generate a New Key button</li>
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<li>Enter a name and set the key size to at least 2048</li>
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<li>Click Create</li>
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<li>Click on the Extensions tab</li>
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<li>Set the Type dropdown to End Endity</li>
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<li>Check the box next to Subject Key Identifier</li>
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<li>Update the validity dates to fit your needs</li>
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<li>Click the Key Usage tab</li>
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<li>Under Key Usage select Digital Signature and Key Encipherment</li>
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<li>Under Extended Key Usage select TLS Web Server Authentication</li>
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<li>Click the Netscape tab</li>
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<li>Deselect all options and clear the Netscape Comment field</li>
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<li>Click OK to create the certificate</li>
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<li>Click on the Certificates tab, right click on your Intermediate CA certificate again</li>
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<li>Select New</li>
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<li>On the Source tab, make sure Use this Certificate for signing is selected</li>
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<li>Verify your Intermediate CA certificate is selected from the drop down</li>
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<li>Click the Subject tab</li>
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<li>Complete the Distinguished Name section
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<p>internalName: OpenVPN Client #1<br />
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countryName: US<br />
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stateOrProvinceName: Virginia<br />
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localityName: Northern<br />
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organizationName: i12bretro<br />
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organizationUnitName: i12bretro Certificate Authority<br />
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commonName: VPN Client 1</p>
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</li>
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<li>Click the Generate a New Key button</li>
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<li>Enter a name and set the key size to at least 2048</li>
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<li>Click Create</li>
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<li>Click on the Extensions tab</li>
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<li>Set the Type dropdown to End Endity</li>
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<li>Check the box next to Subject Key Identifier</li>
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<li>Update the validity dates to fit your needs</li>
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<li>Click the Key Usage tab</li>
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<li>Under Key Usage select Digital Signature, Key Agreement</li>
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<li>Under Extended Key Usage select TLS Web Client Authentication</li>
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<li>Click the Netscape tab</li>
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<li>Deselect all options and clear the Netscape Comment field</li>
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<li>Click OK to create the certificate</li>
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<li>On the Certificates tab, click the OpenVPN Server certificate</li>
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<li>Select Extra > Generate DH Parameter</li>
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<li>Type 2048 for DH parameter bits</li>
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<li>Click OK</li>
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<li>Select a location for dh2048.pem and click Save</li>
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</ol>
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<h2>Exporting Required Files for OpenVPN</h2>
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<ol>
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<li>In XCA, click on the Certificates tab</li>
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<li>Right click the Intermediate CA certificate > Export > File</li>
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<li>Set the file name with a .pem extension and verify the export format is PEM chain (*.pem)</li>
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<li>Click OK</li>
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<li>Right click the OpenVPN Server certificate > Export > File</li>
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<li>Set the file name with a .crt extension and verify the export format is PEM (*.crt)</li>
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<li>Click OK</li>
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<li>Right click the OpenVPN Client #1 certificate > Export > File</li>
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<li>Set the file name with a .crt extension and verify the export format is PEM (*.crt)</li>
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<li>Click OK</li>
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<li>Click on the Private Keys tab</li>
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<li>Right click the OpenVPN Server key > Export > File</li>
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<li>Set the file name with a .pk8 extension and verify the export format is PKCS #8 (*.pk8)</li>
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<li>Click OK</li>
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<li>Right click the OpenVPN Client #1 key> Export > File</li>
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<li>Set the file name with a .pk8 extension and verify the export format is PKCS #8 (*.pk8)</li>
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<li>Click OK</li>
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</ol>
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<h2>Setting Up OpenVPN Server in OpenWRT</h2>
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<ol>
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<li>Open a web browser and navigate to your OpenWRT IP address</li>
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<li>Login when prompted</li>
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<li>Select System > Software from the navigation menu</li>
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<li>Click on the Update lists button to update the software repositories</li>
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<li>Click the Dismiss button once the update has completed</li>
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<li>Type openvpn in the filter field</li>
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<li>Click the Install... button next to openvpn-openssl</li>
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<li>Click the Install button to confirm installing with dependencies</li>
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<li>Click the Dismiss button once the install has completed</li>
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<li>Click the Install... button next to luci-app-openvpn</li>
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<li>Click the Install button to confirm installing with dependencies</li>
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<li>Click the Dismiss button once the install has completed</li>
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<li>Refresh the browser window</li>
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<li>Select VPN > OpenVPN from the navigation menu</li>
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<li>Under the Template based configuration heading, enter OpenVPNServer as the Instance name and select Server configuration for a routed multi-client VPN as the template > Click Add</li>
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<li>Click the Edit button across from the newly created OpenVPNServer entry</li>
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<li>Next to ca, click the button, browse to and upload the previously exported CA .pem file</li>
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<li>Select the ca .pem file to be used</li>
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<li>Next to dh, click the button, browse to and upload the previously exported dh2048.pem file</li>
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<li>Select the dh2048.pem file to be used</li>
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<li>Next to cert, click the button, browse to and upload the previously exported OpenVPN server .crt file</li>
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<li>Select the .crt file to be used</li>
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<li>Next to key, click the button, browse to and upload the previously exported OpenVPN server .pk8 file</li>
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<li>Select the ca .pk8 file to be used</li>
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<li>Click the Additional Field dropdown > Select proto > Click Add</li>
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<li>Set the value of proto to udp</li>
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<li>Click the Additional Field dropdown > Select port > Click Add</li>
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<li>Set the value of port to 1194</li>
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<li>Click the Additional Field dropdown > Select dev_type > Click Add</li>
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<li>Set the value of dev_type to tun</li>
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<li>Scroll to the bottom of the page and click the Save & Apply button</li>
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<li>Select VPN > OpenVPN from the navigation menu</li>
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<li>Check the Enabled checkbox next to the OpenVPNServer entry and click the Save & Apply button</li>
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<li>After a few seconds the page will refresh and the OpenVPN server should be running<br />
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<span style="font-size:16px;"><em>NOTE: If the server is not running, check the system logs for troubleshooting by selecting Status > System Log from the navigation menu</em></span></li>
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</ol>
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<h2>Installing OpenVPN Client Software and Testing</h2>
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<ol>
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<li>Download the OpenVPN software <a href="https://openvpn.net/community-downloads/" target="_blank">Download</a></li>
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<li>Run the installer with all the default values</li>
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<li>Click the Start button and search OpenVPN GUI</li>
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<li>Select OpenVPN GUI from the results to start the application</li>
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</ol>
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<h2>Creating the OpenVPN Client Profile</h2>
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<ol>
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<li>Download the OVPN template <a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1cwgQfCoQmDOMbY1kW7JK4q07ijHdl37y" target="_blank">Download</a></li>
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<li>Rename the .ovpn template something meaningful</li>
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<li>Edit the .ovpn template replacing the following:
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<p><#replace with dynamic dns#> with a dynamic DNS or external IP address to your server<br />
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<#replace with CA chain#> with the contents of CA_Chain.pem<br />
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<#replace with client 1 cert #> with the contents of OpenVPN_Client #1.crt<br />
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<#replace with client 1 key #> with the contents of OpenVPN_Client #1.pk8</p>
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</li>
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<li>Save your changes</li>
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<li>Copy the .ovpn template to OpenVPN install directory/config</li>
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<li>Right click OpenVPN GUI in the system tray > Connect</li>
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</ol>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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