shlex.go 9.7 KB

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  1. /*
  2. Copyright 2012 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
  3. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  4. you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  5. You may obtain a copy of the License at
  6. http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  7. Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  8. distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  9. WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  10. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  11. limitations under the License.
  12. */
  13. /*
  14. Package shlex implements a simple lexer which splits input in to tokens using
  15. shell-style rules for quoting and commenting.
  16. The basic use case uses the default ASCII lexer to split a string into sub-strings:
  17. shlex.Split("one \"two three\" four") -> []string{"one", "two three", "four"}
  18. To process a stream of strings:
  19. l := NewLexer(os.Stdin)
  20. for ; token, err := l.Next(); err != nil {
  21. // process token
  22. }
  23. To access the raw token stream (which includes tokens for comments):
  24. t := NewTokenizer(os.Stdin)
  25. for ; token, err := t.Next(); err != nil {
  26. // process token
  27. }
  28. */
  29. package shlex
  30. import (
  31. "bufio"
  32. "fmt"
  33. "io"
  34. "strings"
  35. )
  36. // TokenType is a top-level token classification: A word, space, comment, unknown.
  37. type TokenType int
  38. // runeTokenClass is the type of a UTF-8 character classification: A quote, space, escape.
  39. type runeTokenClass int
  40. // the internal state used by the lexer state machine
  41. type lexerState int
  42. // Token is a (type, value) pair representing a lexographical token.
  43. type Token struct {
  44. tokenType TokenType
  45. value string
  46. }
  47. // Equal reports whether tokens a, and b, are equal.
  48. // Two tokens are equal if both their types and values are equal. A nil token can
  49. // never be equal to another token.
  50. func (a *Token) Equal(b *Token) bool {
  51. if a == nil || b == nil {
  52. return false
  53. }
  54. if a.tokenType != b.tokenType {
  55. return false
  56. }
  57. return a.value == b.value
  58. }
  59. // Named classes of UTF-8 runes
  60. const (
  61. spaceRunes = " \t\r\n"
  62. escapingQuoteRunes = `"`
  63. nonEscapingQuoteRunes = "'"
  64. escapeRunes = `\`
  65. commentRunes = "#"
  66. )
  67. // Classes of rune token
  68. const (
  69. unknownRuneClass runeTokenClass = iota
  70. spaceRuneClass
  71. escapingQuoteRuneClass
  72. nonEscapingQuoteRuneClass
  73. escapeRuneClass
  74. commentRuneClass
  75. eofRuneClass
  76. )
  77. // Classes of lexographic token
  78. const (
  79. UnknownToken TokenType = iota
  80. WordToken
  81. SpaceToken
  82. CommentToken
  83. )
  84. // Lexer state machine states
  85. const (
  86. startState lexerState = iota // no runes have been seen
  87. inWordState // processing regular runes in a word
  88. escapingState // we have just consumed an escape rune; the next rune is literal
  89. escapingQuotedState // we have just consumed an escape rune within a quoted string
  90. quotingEscapingState // we are within a quoted string that supports escaping ("...")
  91. quotingState // we are within a string that does not support escaping ('...')
  92. commentState // we are within a comment (everything following an unquoted or unescaped #
  93. )
  94. // tokenClassifier is used for classifying rune characters.
  95. type tokenClassifier map[rune]runeTokenClass
  96. func (typeMap tokenClassifier) addRuneClass(runes string, tokenType runeTokenClass) {
  97. for _, runeChar := range runes {
  98. typeMap[runeChar] = tokenType
  99. }
  100. }
  101. // newDefaultClassifier creates a new classifier for ASCII characters.
  102. func newDefaultClassifier() tokenClassifier {
  103. t := tokenClassifier{}
  104. t.addRuneClass(spaceRunes, spaceRuneClass)
  105. t.addRuneClass(escapingQuoteRunes, escapingQuoteRuneClass)
  106. t.addRuneClass(nonEscapingQuoteRunes, nonEscapingQuoteRuneClass)
  107. t.addRuneClass(escapeRunes, escapeRuneClass)
  108. t.addRuneClass(commentRunes, commentRuneClass)
  109. return t
  110. }
  111. // ClassifyRune classifiees a rune
  112. func (t tokenClassifier) ClassifyRune(runeVal rune) runeTokenClass {
  113. return t[runeVal]
  114. }
  115. // Lexer turns an input stream into a sequence of tokens. Whitespace and comments are skipped.
  116. type Lexer Tokenizer
  117. // NewLexer creates a new lexer from an input stream.
  118. func NewLexer(r io.Reader) *Lexer {
  119. return (*Lexer)(NewTokenizer(r))
  120. }
  121. // Next returns the next word, or an error. If there are no more words,
  122. // the error will be io.EOF.
  123. func (l *Lexer) Next() (string, error) {
  124. for {
  125. token, err := (*Tokenizer)(l).Next()
  126. if err != nil {
  127. return "", err
  128. }
  129. switch token.tokenType {
  130. case WordToken:
  131. return token.value, nil
  132. case CommentToken:
  133. // skip comments
  134. default:
  135. return "", fmt.Errorf("Unknown token type: %v", token.tokenType)
  136. }
  137. }
  138. }
  139. // Tokenizer turns an input stream into a sequence of typed tokens
  140. type Tokenizer struct {
  141. input bufio.Reader
  142. classifier tokenClassifier
  143. }
  144. // NewTokenizer creates a new tokenizer from an input stream.
  145. func NewTokenizer(r io.Reader) *Tokenizer {
  146. input := bufio.NewReader(r)
  147. classifier := newDefaultClassifier()
  148. return &Tokenizer{
  149. input: *input,
  150. classifier: classifier}
  151. }
  152. // scanStream scans the stream for the next token using the internal state machine.
  153. // It will panic if it encounters a rune which it does not know how to handle.
  154. func (t *Tokenizer) scanStream() (*Token, error) {
  155. state := startState
  156. var tokenType TokenType
  157. var value []rune
  158. var nextRune rune
  159. var nextRuneType runeTokenClass
  160. var err error
  161. for {
  162. nextRune, _, err = t.input.ReadRune()
  163. nextRuneType = t.classifier.ClassifyRune(nextRune)
  164. if err == io.EOF {
  165. nextRuneType = eofRuneClass
  166. err = nil
  167. } else if err != nil {
  168. return nil, err
  169. }
  170. switch state {
  171. case startState: // no runes read yet
  172. {
  173. switch nextRuneType {
  174. case eofRuneClass:
  175. {
  176. return nil, io.EOF
  177. }
  178. case spaceRuneClass:
  179. {
  180. }
  181. case escapingQuoteRuneClass:
  182. {
  183. tokenType = WordToken
  184. state = quotingEscapingState
  185. }
  186. case nonEscapingQuoteRuneClass:
  187. {
  188. tokenType = WordToken
  189. state = quotingState
  190. }
  191. case escapeRuneClass:
  192. {
  193. tokenType = WordToken
  194. state = escapingState
  195. }
  196. case commentRuneClass:
  197. {
  198. tokenType = CommentToken
  199. state = commentState
  200. }
  201. default:
  202. {
  203. tokenType = WordToken
  204. value = append(value, nextRune)
  205. state = inWordState
  206. }
  207. }
  208. }
  209. case inWordState: // in a regular word
  210. {
  211. switch nextRuneType {
  212. case eofRuneClass:
  213. {
  214. token := &Token{
  215. tokenType: tokenType,
  216. value: string(value)}
  217. return token, err
  218. }
  219. case spaceRuneClass:
  220. {
  221. token := &Token{
  222. tokenType: tokenType,
  223. value: string(value)}
  224. return token, err
  225. }
  226. case escapingQuoteRuneClass:
  227. {
  228. state = quotingEscapingState
  229. }
  230. case nonEscapingQuoteRuneClass:
  231. {
  232. state = quotingState
  233. }
  234. case escapeRuneClass:
  235. {
  236. state = escapingState
  237. }
  238. default:
  239. {
  240. value = append(value, nextRune)
  241. }
  242. }
  243. }
  244. case escapingState: // the rune after an escape character
  245. {
  246. switch nextRuneType {
  247. case eofRuneClass:
  248. {
  249. err = fmt.Errorf("EOF found after escape character")
  250. token := &Token{
  251. tokenType: tokenType,
  252. value: string(value)}
  253. return token, err
  254. }
  255. default:
  256. {
  257. state = inWordState
  258. value = append(value, nextRune)
  259. }
  260. }
  261. }
  262. case escapingQuotedState: // the next rune after an escape character, in double quotes
  263. {
  264. switch nextRuneType {
  265. case eofRuneClass:
  266. {
  267. err = fmt.Errorf("EOF found after escape character")
  268. token := &Token{
  269. tokenType: tokenType,
  270. value: string(value)}
  271. return token, err
  272. }
  273. default:
  274. {
  275. state = quotingEscapingState
  276. value = append(value, nextRune)
  277. }
  278. }
  279. }
  280. case quotingEscapingState: // in escaping double quotes
  281. {
  282. switch nextRuneType {
  283. case eofRuneClass:
  284. {
  285. err = fmt.Errorf("EOF found when expecting closing quote")
  286. token := &Token{
  287. tokenType: tokenType,
  288. value: string(value)}
  289. return token, err
  290. }
  291. case escapingQuoteRuneClass:
  292. {
  293. state = inWordState
  294. }
  295. case escapeRuneClass:
  296. {
  297. state = escapingQuotedState
  298. }
  299. default:
  300. {
  301. value = append(value, nextRune)
  302. }
  303. }
  304. }
  305. case quotingState: // in non-escaping single quotes
  306. {
  307. switch nextRuneType {
  308. case eofRuneClass:
  309. {
  310. err = fmt.Errorf("EOF found when expecting closing quote")
  311. token := &Token{
  312. tokenType: tokenType,
  313. value: string(value)}
  314. return token, err
  315. }
  316. case nonEscapingQuoteRuneClass:
  317. {
  318. state = inWordState
  319. }
  320. default:
  321. {
  322. value = append(value, nextRune)
  323. }
  324. }
  325. }
  326. case commentState: // in a comment
  327. {
  328. switch nextRuneType {
  329. case eofRuneClass:
  330. {
  331. token := &Token{
  332. tokenType: tokenType,
  333. value: string(value)}
  334. return token, err
  335. }
  336. case spaceRuneClass:
  337. {
  338. if nextRune == '\n' {
  339. state = startState
  340. token := &Token{
  341. tokenType: tokenType,
  342. value: string(value)}
  343. return token, err
  344. } else {
  345. value = append(value, nextRune)
  346. }
  347. }
  348. default:
  349. {
  350. value = append(value, nextRune)
  351. }
  352. }
  353. }
  354. default:
  355. {
  356. return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unexpected state: %v", state)
  357. }
  358. }
  359. }
  360. }
  361. // Next returns the next token in the stream.
  362. func (t *Tokenizer) Next() (*Token, error) {
  363. return t.scanStream()
  364. }
  365. // Split partitions a string into a slice of strings.
  366. func Split(s string) ([]string, error) {
  367. l := NewLexer(strings.NewReader(s))
  368. subStrings := make([]string, 0)
  369. for {
  370. word, err := l.Next()
  371. if err != nil {
  372. if err == io.EOF {
  373. return subStrings, nil
  374. }
  375. return subStrings, err
  376. }
  377. subStrings = append(subStrings, word)
  378. }
  379. }