moby/libnetwork/controller.go

/*
Package libnetwork provides the basic functionality and extension points to
create network namespaces and allocate interfaces for containers to use.

	networkType := "bridge"

	// Create a new controller instance
	driverOptions := options.Generic{}
	genericOption := make(map[string]interface{})
	genericOption[netlabel.GenericData] = driverOptions
	controller, err := libnetwork.New(config.OptionDriverConfig(networkType, genericOption))
	if err != nil {
		return
	}

	// Create a network for containers to join.
	// NewNetwork accepts Variadic optional arguments that libnetwork and Drivers can make use of
	network, err := controller.NewNetwork(networkType, "network1", "")
	if err != nil {
		return
	}

	// For each new container: allocate IP and interfaces. The returned network
	// settings will be used for container infos (inspect and such), as well as
	// iptables rules for port publishing. This info is contained or accessible
	// from the returned endpoint.
	ep, err := network.CreateEndpoint("Endpoint1")
	if err != nil {
		return
	}

	// Create the sandbox for the container.
	// NewSandbox accepts Variadic optional arguments which libnetwork can use.
	sbx, err := controller.NewSandbox("container1",
		libnetwork.OptionHostname("test"),
		libnetwork.OptionDomainname("docker.io"))

	// A sandbox can join the endpoint via the join api.
	err = ep.Join(sbx)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
*/
package libnetwork

import (
	"container/heap"
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"strings"
	"sync"

	log "github.com/Sirupsen/logrus"
	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/discovery"
	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/plugins"
	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stringid"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/cluster"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/config"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/datastore"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/discoverapi"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/driverapi"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/drvregistry"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/hostdiscovery"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/ipamapi"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/netlabel"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/osl"
	"github.com/docker/libnetwork/types"
)

// NetworkController provides the interface for controller instance which manages
// networks.
type NetworkController interface {
	// ID provides a unique identity for the controller
	ID() string

	// Config method returns the bootup configuration for the controller
	Config() config.Config

	// Create a new network. The options parameter carries network specific options.
	NewNetwork(networkType, name string, id string, options ...NetworkOption) (Network, error)

	// Networks returns the list of Network(s) managed by this controller.
	Networks() []Network

	// WalkNetworks uses the provided function to walk the Network(s) managed by this controller.
	WalkNetworks(walker NetworkWalker)

	// NetworkByName returns the Network which has the passed name. If not found, the error ErrNoSuchNetwork is returned.
	NetworkByName(name string) (Network, error)

	// NetworkByID returns the Network which has the passed id. If not found, the error ErrNoSuchNetwork is returned.
	NetworkByID(id string) (Network, error)

	// NewSandbox creates a new network sandbox for the passed container id
	NewSandbox(containerID string, options ...SandboxOption) (Sandbox, error)

	// Sandboxes returns the list of Sandbox(s) managed by this controller.
	Sandboxes() []Sandbox

	// WlakSandboxes uses the provided function to walk the Sandbox(s) managed by this controller.
	WalkSandboxes(walker SandboxWalker)

	// SandboxByID returns the Sandbox which has the passed id. If not found, a types.NotFoundError is returned.
	SandboxByID(id string) (Sandbox, error)

	// SandboxDestroy destroys a sandbox given a container ID
	SandboxDestroy(id string) error

	// Stop network controller
	Stop()

	// ReloadCondfiguration updates the controller configuration
	ReloadConfiguration(cfgOptions ...config.Option) error

	// SetClusterProvider sets cluster provider
	SetClusterProvider(provider cluster.Provider)

	// Wait for agent initialization complete in libnetwork controller
	AgentInitWait()
}

// NetworkWalker is a client provided function which will be used to walk the Networks.
// When the function returns true, the walk will stop.
type NetworkWalker func(nw Network) bool

// SandboxWalker is a client provided function which will be used to walk the Sandboxes.
// When the function returns true, the walk will stop.
type SandboxWalker func(sb Sandbox) bool

type sandboxTable map[string]*sandbox

type controller struct {
	id              string
	drvRegistry     *drvregistry.DrvRegistry
	sandboxes       sandboxTable
	cfg             *config.Config
	stores          []datastore.DataStore
	discovery       hostdiscovery.HostDiscovery
	extKeyListener  net.Listener
	watchCh         chan *endpoint
	unWatchCh       chan *endpoint
	svcRecords      map[string]svcInfo
	nmap            map[string]*netWatch
	serviceBindings map[string]*service
	defOsSbox       osl.Sandbox
	ingressSandbox  *sandbox
	sboxOnce        sync.Once
	agent           *agent
	agentInitDone   chan struct{}
	sync.Mutex
}

type initializer struct {
	fn    drvregistry.InitFunc
	ntype string
}

// New creates a new instance of network controller.
func New(cfgOptions ...config.Option) (NetworkController, error) {
	c := &controller{
		id:              stringid.GenerateRandomID(),
		cfg:             config.ParseConfigOptions(cfgOptions...),
		sandboxes:       sandboxTable{},
		svcRecords:      make(map[string]svcInfo),
		serviceBindings: make(map[string]*service),
		agentInitDone:   make(chan struct{}),
	}

	if err := c.initStores(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	drvRegistry, err := drvregistry.New(c.getStore(datastore.LocalScope), c.getStore(datastore.GlobalScope), c.RegisterDriver, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	for _, i := range getInitializers() {
		var dcfg map[string]interface{}

		// External plugins don't need config passed through daemon. They can
		// bootstrap themselves
		if i.ntype != "remote" {
			dcfg = c.makeDriverConfig(i.ntype)
		}

		if err := drvRegistry.AddDriver(i.ntype, i.fn, dcfg); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}
	c.drvRegistry = drvRegistry

	if c.cfg != nil && c.cfg.Cluster.Watcher != nil {
		if err := c.initDiscovery(c.cfg.Cluster.Watcher); err != nil {
			// Failing to initialize discovery is a bad situation to be in.
			// But it cannot fail creating the Controller
			log.Errorf("Failed to Initialize Discovery : %v", err)
		}
	}

	c.sandboxCleanup()
	c.cleanupLocalEndpoints()
	c.networkCleanup()

	c.reservePools()

	if err := c.startExternalKeyListener(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return c, nil
}

func (c *controller) SetClusterProvider(provider cluster.Provider) {
	c.cfg.Daemon.ClusterProvider = provider
	go c.clusterAgentInit()
}

func isValidClusteringIP(addr string) bool {
	return addr != "" && !net.ParseIP(addr).IsLoopback() && !net.ParseIP(addr).IsUnspecified()
}

func (c *controller) clusterAgentInit() {
	clusterProvider := c.cfg.Daemon.ClusterProvider
	for {
		select {
		case <-clusterProvider.ListenClusterEvents():
			if !c.isDistributedControl() {
				keys := clusterProvider.GetNetworkKeys()
				// If the agent is already setup this could be a key change notificaiton
				if c.agent != nil {
					c.agentHandleKeys(keys)
				}

				bindAddr, _, _ := net.SplitHostPort(clusterProvider.GetListenAddress())
				remote := clusterProvider.GetRemoteAddress()
				remoteAddr, _, _ := net.SplitHostPort(remote)

				// Determine the BindAddress from RemoteAddress or through best-effort routing
				if !isValidClusteringIP(bindAddr) {
					if !isValidClusteringIP(remoteAddr) {
						remote = "8.8.8.8:53"
					}
					conn, err := net.Dial("udp", remote)
					if err == nil {
						bindHostPort := conn.LocalAddr().String()
						bindAddr, _, _ = net.SplitHostPort(bindHostPort)
						conn.Close()
					}
				}

				if bindAddr != "" && len(keys) > 0 && c.agent == nil {
					if err := c.agentInit(bindAddr, keys); err != nil {
						log.Errorf("Error in agentInit : %v", err)
					} else {
						c.drvRegistry.WalkDrivers(func(name string, driver driverapi.Driver, capability driverapi.Capability) bool {
							if capability.DataScope == datastore.GlobalScope {
								c.agentDriverNotify(driver)
							}
							return false
						})

						if c.agent != nil {
							close(c.agentInitDone)
						}
					}
				}
				if remoteAddr != "" {
					if err := c.agentJoin(remoteAddr); err != nil {
						log.Errorf("Error in agentJoin : %v", err)
					}
				}
			} else {
				c.agentInitDone = make(chan struct{})
				c.agentClose()
			}
		}
	}
}

// AgentInitWait waits for agent initialization to be completed in the
// controller.
func (c *controller) AgentInitWait() {
	<-c.agentInitDone
}

func (c *controller) makeDriverConfig(ntype string) map[string]interface{} {
	if c.cfg == nil {
		return nil
	}

	config := make(map[string]interface{})

	for _, label := range c.cfg.Daemon.Labels {
		if !strings.HasPrefix(netlabel.Key(label), netlabel.DriverPrefix+"."+ntype) {
			continue
		}

		config[netlabel.Key(label)] = netlabel.Value(label)
	}

	drvCfg, ok := c.cfg.Daemon.DriverCfg[ntype]
	if ok {
		for k, v := range drvCfg.(map[string]interface{}) {
			config[k] = v
		}
	}

	for k, v := range c.cfg.Scopes {
		if !v.IsValid() {
			continue
		}
		config[netlabel.MakeKVClient(k)] = discoverapi.DatastoreConfigData{
			Scope:    k,
			Provider: v.Client.Provider,
			Address:  v.Client.Address,
			Config:   v.Client.Config,
		}
	}

	return config
}

var procReloadConfig = make(chan (bool), 1)

func (c *controller) ReloadConfiguration(cfgOptions ...config.Option) error {
	procReloadConfig <- true
	defer func() { <-procReloadConfig }()

	// For now we accept the configuration reload only as a mean to provide a global store config after boot.
	// Refuse the configuration if it alters an existing datastore client configuration.
	update := false
	cfg := config.ParseConfigOptions(cfgOptions...)

	for s := range c.cfg.Scopes {
		if _, ok := cfg.Scopes[s]; !ok {
			return types.ForbiddenErrorf("cannot accept new configuration because it removes an existing datastore client")
		}
	}
	for s, nSCfg := range cfg.Scopes {
		if eSCfg, ok := c.cfg.Scopes[s]; ok {
			if eSCfg.Client.Provider != nSCfg.Client.Provider ||
				eSCfg.Client.Address != nSCfg.Client.Address {
				return types.ForbiddenErrorf("cannot accept new configuration because it modifies an existing datastore client")
			}
		} else {
			if err := c.initScopedStore(s, nSCfg); err != nil {
				return err
			}
			update = true
		}
	}
	if !update {
		return nil
	}

	var dsConfig *discoverapi.DatastoreConfigData
	for scope, sCfg := range cfg.Scopes {
		if scope == datastore.LocalScope || !sCfg.IsValid() {
			continue
		}
		dsConfig = &discoverapi.DatastoreConfigData{
			Scope:    scope,
			Provider: sCfg.Client.Provider,
			Address:  sCfg.Client.Address,
			Config:   sCfg.Client.Config,
		}
		break
	}
	if dsConfig == nil {
		return nil
	}

	c.drvRegistry.WalkIPAMs(func(name string, driver ipamapi.Ipam, cap *ipamapi.Capability) bool {
		err := driver.DiscoverNew(discoverapi.DatastoreConfig, *dsConfig)
		if err != nil {
			log.Errorf("Failed to set datastore in driver %s: %v", name, err)
		}
		return false
	})

	c.drvRegistry.WalkDrivers(func(name string, driver driverapi.Driver, capability driverapi.Capability) bool {
		err := driver.DiscoverNew(discoverapi.DatastoreConfig, *dsConfig)
		if err != nil {
			log.Errorf("Failed to set datastore in driver %s: %v", name, err)
		}
		return false
	})

	if c.discovery == nil && c.cfg.Cluster.Watcher != nil {
		if err := c.initDiscovery(c.cfg.Cluster.Watcher); err != nil {
			log.Errorf("Failed to Initialize Discovery after configuration update: %v", err)
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func (c *controller) ID() string {
	return c.id
}

func (c *controller) validateHostDiscoveryConfig() bool {
	if c.cfg == nil || c.cfg.Cluster.Discovery == "" || c.cfg.Cluster.Address == "" {
		return false
	}
	return true
}

func (c *controller) clusterHostID() string {
	c.Lock()
	defer c.Unlock()
	if c.cfg == nil || c.cfg.Cluster.Address == "" {
		return ""
	}
	addr := strings.Split(c.cfg.Cluster.Address, ":")
	return addr[0]
}

func (c *controller) isNodeAlive(node string) bool {
	if c.discovery == nil {
		return false
	}

	nodes := c.discovery.Fetch()
	for _, n := range nodes {
		if n.String() == node {
			return true
		}
	}

	return false
}

func (c *controller) initDiscovery(watcher discovery.Watcher) error {
	if c.cfg == nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("discovery initialization requires a valid configuration")
	}

	c.discovery = hostdiscovery.NewHostDiscovery(watcher)
	return c.discovery.Watch(c.activeCallback, c.hostJoinCallback, c.hostLeaveCallback)
}

func (c *controller) activeCallback() {
	ds := c.getStore(datastore.GlobalScope)
	if ds != nil && !ds.Active() {
		ds.RestartWatch()
	}
}

func (c *controller) hostJoinCallback(nodes []net.IP) {
	c.processNodeDiscovery(nodes, true)
}

func (c *controller) hostLeaveCallback(nodes []net.IP) {
	c.processNodeDiscovery(nodes, false)
}

func (c *controller) processNodeDiscovery(nodes []net.IP, add bool) {
	c.drvRegistry.WalkDrivers(func(name string, driver driverapi.Driver, capability driverapi.Capability) bool {
		c.pushNodeDiscovery(driver, capability, nodes, add)
		return false
	})
}

func (c *controller) pushNodeDiscovery(d driverapi.Driver, cap driverapi.Capability, nodes []net.IP, add bool) {
	var self net.IP
	if c.cfg != nil {
		addr := strings.Split(c.cfg.Cluster.Address, ":")
		self = net.ParseIP(addr[0])
	}

	if d == nil || cap.DataScope != datastore.GlobalScope || nodes == nil {
		return
	}

	for _, node := range nodes {
		nodeData := discoverapi.NodeDiscoveryData{Address: node.String(), Self: node.Equal(self)}
		var err error
		if add {
			err = d.DiscoverNew(discoverapi.NodeDiscovery, nodeData)
		} else {
			err = d.DiscoverDelete(discoverapi.NodeDiscovery, nodeData)
		}
		if err != nil {
			log.Debugf("discovery notification error : %v", err)
		}
	}
}

func (c *controller) Config() config.Config {
	c.Lock()
	defer c.Unlock()
	if c.cfg == nil {
		return config.Config{}
	}
	return *c.cfg
}

func (c *controller) isManager() bool {
	if c.cfg == nil || c.cfg.Daemon.ClusterProvider == nil {
		return false
	}
	return c.cfg.Daemon.ClusterProvider.IsManager()
}

func (c *controller) isAgent() bool {
	if c.cfg == nil || c.cfg.Daemon.ClusterProvider == nil {
		return false
	}
	return c.cfg.Daemon.ClusterProvider.IsAgent()
}

func (c *controller) isDistributedControl() bool {
	return !c.isManager() && !c.isAgent()
}

func (c *controller) RegisterDriver(networkType string, driver driverapi.Driver, capability driverapi.Capability) error {
	c.Lock()
	hd := c.discovery
	c.Unlock()

	if hd != nil {
		c.pushNodeDiscovery(driver, capability, hd.Fetch(), true)
	}

	c.agentDriverNotify(driver)
	return nil
}

// NewNetwork creates a new network of the specified network type. The options
// are network specific and modeled in a generic way.
func (c *controller) NewNetwork(networkType, name string, id string, options ...NetworkOption) (Network, error) {
	if !config.IsValidName(name) {
		return nil, ErrInvalidName(name)
	}

	if id == "" {
		id = stringid.GenerateRandomID()
	}

	// Construct the network object
	network := &network{
		name:        name,
		networkType: networkType,
		generic:     map[string]interface{}{netlabel.GenericData: make(map[string]string)},
		ipamType:    ipamapi.DefaultIPAM,
		id:          id,
		ctrlr:       c,
		persist:     true,
		drvOnce:     &sync.Once{},
	}

	network.processOptions(options...)

	_, cap, err := network.resolveDriver(networkType, true)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	if cap.DataScope == datastore.GlobalScope && !c.isDistributedControl() && !network.dynamic {
		if c.isManager() {
			// For non-distributed controlled environment, globalscoped non-dynamic networks are redirected to Manager
			return nil, ManagerRedirectError(name)
		}

		return nil, types.ForbiddenErrorf("Cannot create a multi-host network from a worker node. Please create the network from a manager node.")
	}

	// Make sure we have a driver available for this network type
	// before we allocate anything.
	if _, err := network.driver(true); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	err = network.ipamAllocate()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer func() {
		if err != nil {
			network.ipamRelease()
		}
	}()

	err = c.addNetwork(network)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer func() {
		if err != nil {
			if e := network.deleteNetwork(); e != nil {
				log.Warnf("couldn't roll back driver network on network %s creation failure: %v", network.name, err)
			}
		}
	}()

	// First store the endpoint count, then the network. To avoid to
	// end up with a datastore containing a network and not an epCnt,
	// in case of an ungraceful shutdown during this function call.
	epCnt := &endpointCnt{n: network}
	if err = c.updateToStore(epCnt); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer func() {
		if err != nil {
			if e := c.deleteFromStore(epCnt); e != nil {
				log.Warnf("couldnt rollback from store, epCnt %v on failure (%v): %v", epCnt, err, e)
			}
		}
	}()

	network.epCnt = epCnt
	if err = c.updateToStore(network); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	if err = network.joinCluster(); err != nil {
		log.Errorf("Failed to join network %s into agent cluster: %v", name, err)
	}

	network.addDriverWatches()

	return network, nil
}

func (c *controller) reservePools() {
	networks, err := c.getNetworksForScope(datastore.LocalScope)
	if err != nil {
		log.Warnf("Could not retrieve networks from local store during ipam allocation for existing networks: %v", err)
		return
	}

	for _, n := range networks {
		if !doReplayPoolReserve(n) {
			continue
		}
		// Construct pseudo configs for the auto IP case
		autoIPv4 := (len(n.ipamV4Config) == 0 || (len(n.ipamV4Config) == 1 && n.ipamV4Config[0].PreferredPool == "")) && len(n.ipamV4Info) > 0
		autoIPv6 := (len(n.ipamV6Config) == 0 || (len(n.ipamV6Config) == 1 && n.ipamV6Config[0].PreferredPool == "")) && len(n.ipamV6Info) > 0
		if autoIPv4 {
			n.ipamV4Config = []*IpamConf{{PreferredPool: n.ipamV4Info[0].Pool.String()}}
		}
		if n.enableIPv6 && autoIPv6 {
			n.ipamV6Config = []*IpamConf{{PreferredPool: n.ipamV6Info[0].Pool.String()}}
		}
		// Account current network gateways
		for i, c := range n.ipamV4Config {
			if c.Gateway == "" && n.ipamV4Info[i].Gateway != nil {
				c.Gateway = n.ipamV4Info[i].Gateway.IP.String()
			}
		}
		for i, c := range n.ipamV6Config {
			if c.Gateway == "" && n.ipamV6Info[i].Gateway != nil {
				c.Gateway = n.ipamV6Info[i].Gateway.IP.String()
			}
		}
		if err := n.ipamAllocate(); err != nil {
			log.Warnf("Failed to allocate ipam pool(s) for network %q (%s): %v", n.Name(), n.ID(), err)
		}
	}
}

func doReplayPoolReserve(n *network) bool {
	_, caps, err := n.getController().getIPAMDriver(n.ipamType)
	if err != nil {
		log.Warnf("Failed to retrieve ipam driver for network %q (%s): %v", n.Name(), n.ID(), err)
		return false
	}
	return caps.RequiresRequestReplay
}

func (c *controller) addNetwork(n *network) error {
	d, err := n.driver(true)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Create the network
	if err := d.CreateNetwork(n.id, n.generic, n, n.getIPData(4), n.getIPData(6)); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

func (c *controller) Networks() []Network {
	var list []Network

	networks, err := c.getNetworksFromStore()
	if err != nil {
		log.Error(err)
	}

	for _, n := range networks {
		if n.inDelete {
			continue
		}
		list = append(list, n)
	}

	return list
}

func (c *controller) WalkNetworks(walker NetworkWalker) {
	for _, n := range c.Networks() {
		if walker(n) {
			return
		}
	}
}

func (c *controller) NetworkByName(name string) (Network, error) {
	if name == "" {
		return nil, ErrInvalidName(name)
	}
	var n Network

	s := func(current Network) bool {
		if current.Name() == name {
			n = current
			return true
		}
		return false
	}

	c.WalkNetworks(s)

	if n == nil {
		return nil, ErrNoSuchNetwork(name)
	}

	return n, nil
}

func (c *controller) NetworkByID(id string) (Network, error) {
	if id == "" {
		return nil, ErrInvalidID(id)
	}

	n, err := c.getNetworkFromStore(id)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, ErrNoSuchNetwork(id)
	}

	return n, nil
}

// NewSandbox creates a new sandbox for the passed container id
func (c *controller) NewSandbox(containerID string, options ...SandboxOption) (sBox Sandbox, err error) {
	if containerID == "" {
		return nil, types.BadRequestErrorf("invalid container ID")
	}

	var sb *sandbox
	c.Lock()
	for _, s := range c.sandboxes {
		if s.containerID == containerID {
			// If not a stub, then we already have a complete sandbox.
			if !s.isStub {
				c.Unlock()
				return nil, types.BadRequestErrorf("container %s is already present: %v", containerID, s)
			}

			// We already have a stub sandbox from the
			// store. Make use of it so that we don't lose
			// the endpoints from store but reset the
			// isStub flag.
			sb = s
			sb.isStub = false
			break
		}
	}
	c.Unlock()

	// Create sandbox and process options first. Key generation depends on an option
	if sb == nil {
		sb = &sandbox{
			id:          stringid.GenerateRandomID(),
			containerID: containerID,
			endpoints:   epHeap{},
			epPriority:  map[string]int{},
			config:      containerConfig{},
			controller:  c,
		}
	}
	sBox = sb

	heap.Init(&sb.endpoints)

	sb.processOptions(options...)

	c.Lock()
	if sb.ingress && c.ingressSandbox != nil {
		c.Unlock()
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ingress sandbox already present")
	}

	c.ingressSandbox = sb
	c.Unlock()
	defer func() {
		if err != nil {
			c.Lock()
			if sb.ingress {
				c.ingressSandbox = nil
			}
			c.Unlock()
		}
	}()

	if err = sb.setupResolutionFiles(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	if sb.config.useDefaultSandBox {
		c.sboxOnce.Do(func() {
			c.defOsSbox, err = osl.NewSandbox(sb.Key(), false)
		})

		if err != nil {
			c.sboxOnce = sync.Once{}
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create default sandbox: %v", err)
		}

		sb.osSbox = c.defOsSbox
	}

	if sb.osSbox == nil && !sb.config.useExternalKey {
		if sb.osSbox, err = osl.NewSandbox(sb.Key(), !sb.config.useDefaultSandBox); err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create new osl sandbox: %v", err)
		}
	}

	c.Lock()
	c.sandboxes[sb.id] = sb
	c.Unlock()
	defer func() {
		if err != nil {
			c.Lock()
			delete(c.sandboxes, sb.id)
			c.Unlock()
		}
	}()

	err = sb.storeUpdate()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("updating the store state of sandbox failed: %v", err)
	}

	return sb, nil
}

func (c *controller) Sandboxes() []Sandbox {
	c.Lock()
	defer c.Unlock()

	list := make([]Sandbox, 0, len(c.sandboxes))
	for _, s := range c.sandboxes {
		// Hide stub sandboxes from libnetwork users
		if s.isStub {
			continue
		}

		list = append(list, s)
	}

	return list
}

func (c *controller) WalkSandboxes(walker SandboxWalker) {
	for _, sb := range c.Sandboxes() {
		if walker(sb) {
			return
		}
	}
}

func (c *controller) SandboxByID(id string) (Sandbox, error) {
	if id == "" {
		return nil, ErrInvalidID(id)
	}
	c.Lock()
	s, ok := c.sandboxes[id]
	c.Unlock()
	if !ok {
		return nil, types.NotFoundErrorf("sandbox %s not found", id)
	}
	return s, nil
}

// SandboxDestroy destroys a sandbox given a container ID
func (c *controller) SandboxDestroy(id string) error {
	var sb *sandbox
	c.Lock()
	for _, s := range c.sandboxes {
		if s.containerID == id {
			sb = s
			break
		}
	}
	c.Unlock()

	// It is not an error if sandbox is not available
	if sb == nil {
		return nil
	}

	return sb.Delete()
}

// SandboxContainerWalker returns a Sandbox Walker function which looks for an existing Sandbox with the passed containerID
func SandboxContainerWalker(out *Sandbox, containerID string) SandboxWalker {
	return func(sb Sandbox) bool {
		if sb.ContainerID() == containerID {
			*out = sb
			return true
		}
		return false
	}
}

// SandboxKeyWalker returns a Sandbox Walker function which looks for an existing Sandbox with the passed key
func SandboxKeyWalker(out *Sandbox, key string) SandboxWalker {
	return func(sb Sandbox) bool {
		if sb.Key() == key {
			*out = sb
			return true
		}
		return false
	}
}

func (c *controller) loadDriver(networkType string) error {
	// Plugins pkg performs lazy loading of plugins that acts as remote drivers.
	// As per the design, this Get call will result in remote driver discovery if there is a corresponding plugin available.
	_, err := plugins.Get(networkType, driverapi.NetworkPluginEndpointType)
	if err != nil {
		if err == plugins.ErrNotFound {
			return types.NotFoundErrorf(err.Error())
		}
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

func (c *controller) loadIPAMDriver(name string) error {
	if _, err := plugins.Get(name, ipamapi.PluginEndpointType); err != nil {
		if err == plugins.ErrNotFound {
			return types.NotFoundErrorf(err.Error())
		}
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

func (c *controller) getIPAMDriver(name string) (ipamapi.Ipam, *ipamapi.Capability, error) {
	id, cap := c.drvRegistry.IPAM(name)
	if id == nil {
		// Might be a plugin name. Try loading it
		if err := c.loadIPAMDriver(name); err != nil {
			return nil, nil, err
		}

		// Now that we resolved the plugin, try again looking up the registry
		id, cap = c.drvRegistry.IPAM(name)
		if id == nil {
			return nil, nil, types.BadRequestErrorf("invalid ipam driver: %q", name)
		}
	}

	return id, cap, nil
}

func (c *controller) Stop() {
	c.closeStores()
	c.stopExternalKeyListener()
	osl.GC()
}