Dockerfile: Windows: update Golang download domains to cut down redirects
The `golang.org` domain moved to `go.dev`, and the download-URLs we were
using resulted in 2 redirects;
curl -sI https://golang.org/dl/go1.20.windows-amd64.zip | grep 'location'
location: https://go.dev/dl/go1.20.windows-amd64.zip
curl -sI https://go.dev/dl/go1.20.windows-amd64.zip | grep 'location'
location: https://dl.google.com/go/go1.20.windows-amd64.zip
curl -sI https://dl.google.com/go/go1.20.windows-amd64.zip
HTTP/2 200
# ...
This patch cuts it down to one redirects. I decided not to use the "final"
(`dl.google.com`) URL, because that URL is not documented in the Golang docs,
and visiting the domain itself (https://dl.google.com/) redirects to a marketing
page for "Google Chrome".
Trying the `/go/` path (https://dl.google.com/go/) also does not show a landing
page that lists downloads, so I'm considering those URLs to be "unstable".
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>