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+<!--[metadata]>
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+title = "Manage nodes in a swarm"
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+description = "Manage existing nodes in a swarm"
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+keywords = ["guide, swarm mode, node"]
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+[menu.main]
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+identifier="manage-nodes-guide"
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+parent="engine_swarm"
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+weight=14
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++++
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+<![end-metadata]-->
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+
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+# Manage nodes in a swarm
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+
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+As part of the swarm management lifecycle, you may need to view or update a node as follows:
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+
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+* [list nodes in the swarm](#list-nodes)
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+* [inspect an individual node](#inspect-an-individual-node)
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+* [update a node](#update-a-node)
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+* [leave the swarm](#leave-the-swarm)
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+
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+## List nodes
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+
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+To view a list of nodes in the swarm run `docker node ls` from a manager node:
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+
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+```bash
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+$ docker node ls
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+
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+ID HOSTNAME STATUS AVAILABILITY MANAGER STATUS
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+46aqrk4e473hjbt745z53cr3t node-5 Ready Active Reachable
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+61pi3d91s0w3b90ijw3deeb2q node-4 Ready Active Reachable
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+a5b2m3oghd48m8eu391pefq5u node-3 Ready Active
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+e7p8btxeu3ioshyuj6lxiv6g0 node-2 Ready Active
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+ehkv3bcimagdese79dn78otj5 * node-1 Ready Active Leader
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+```
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+
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+The `AVAILABILITY` column shows whether or not the scheduler can assign tasks to
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+the node:
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+
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+* `Active` means that the scheduler can assign tasks to a node.
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+* `Pause` means the scheduler doesn't assign new tasks to the node, but existing
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+tasks remain running.
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+* `Drain` means the scheduler doesn't assign new tasks to the node. The
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+scheduler shuts down any existing tasks and schedules them on an available
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+node.
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+
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+The `MANAGER STATUS` column shows node participation in the Raft consensus:
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+
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+* No value indicates a worker node that does not participate in swarm
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+management.
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+* `Leader` means the node is the primary manager node that makes all swarm
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+management and orchestration decisions for the swarm.
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+* `Reachable` means the node is a manager node is participating in the Raft
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+consensus. If the leader node becomes unavailable, the node is eligible for
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+election as the new leader.
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+* `Unavailable` means the node is a manager that is not able to communicate with
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+other managers. If a manager node becomes unavailable, you should either join a
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+new manager node to the swarm or promote a worker node to be a
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+manager.
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+
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+For more information on swarm administration refer to the [Swarm administration guide](admin_guide.md).
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+
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+## Inspect an individual node
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+
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+You can run `docker node inspect <NODE-ID>` on a manager node to view the
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+details for an individual node. The output defaults to JSON format, but you can
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+pass the `--pretty` flag to print the results in human-readable format. For example:
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+
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+```bash
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+docker node inspect self --pretty
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+
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+ID: ehkv3bcimagdese79dn78otj5
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+Hostname: node-1
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+Status:
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+ State: Ready
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+ Availability: Active
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+Manager Status:
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+ Address: 172.17.0.2:2377
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+ Raft Status: Reachable
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+ Leader: Yes
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+Platform:
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+ Operating System: linux
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+ Architecture: x86_64
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+Resources:
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+ CPUs: 2
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+ Memory: 1.954 GiB
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+Plugins:
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+ Network: overlay, host, bridge, overlay, null
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+ Volume: local
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+Engine Version: 1.12.0-dev
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+```
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+
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+## Update a node
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+
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+You can modify node attributes as follows:
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+
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+* [change node availability](#change-node-availability)
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+* [add or remove label metadata](#add-or-remove-label-metadata)
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+* [change a node role](#promote-or-demote-a-node)
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+
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+### Change node availability
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+
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+Changing node availability lets you:
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+
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+* drain a manager node so that only performs swarm management tasks and is
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+unavailable for task assignment.
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+* drain a node so you can take it down for maintenance.
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+* pause a node so it is unavailable to receive new tasks.
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+* restore unavailable or paused nodes available status.
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+
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+For example, to change a manager node to `Drain` availability:
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+
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+```bash
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+$ docker node update --availability drain node-1
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+
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+node-1
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+```
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+
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+See [list nodes](#list-nodes) for descriptions of the different availability
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+options.
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+
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+### Add or remove label metadata
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+
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+Node labels provide a flexible method of node organization. You can also use
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+node labels in service constraints. Apply constraints when you create a service
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+to limit the nodes where the scheduler assigns tasks for the service.
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+
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+Run `docker node update --label-add` on a manager node to add label metadata to
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+a node. The `--label-add` flag supports either a `<key>` or a `<key>=<value>`
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+pair.
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+
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+Pass the `--label-add` flag once for each node label you want to add:
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+
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+```bash
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+$ docker node update --label-add foo --label-add bar=baz node-1
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+
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+node-1
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+```
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+
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+The labels you set for nodes using docker node update apply only to the node
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+entity within the swarm. Do not confuse them with the docker daemon labels for
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+[dockerd](../userguide/labels-custom-metadata.md#daemon-labels).
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+
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+Refer to the `docker service create` [CLI reference](../reference/commandline/service_create.md)
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+for more information about service constraints.
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+
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+### Promote or demote a node
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+
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+You can promote a worker node to the manager role. This is useful when a
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+manager node becomes unavailable or if you want to take a manager offline for
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+maintenance. Similarly, you can demote a manager node to the worker role.
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+
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+Regardless of your reason to promote or demote a node, you should always
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+maintain an odd number of manager nodes in the swarm. For more information refer
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+to the [Swarm administration guide](admin_guide.md).
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+
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+To promote a node or set of nodes, run `docker node promote` from a manager
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+node:
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+
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+```bash
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+$ docker node promote node-3 node-2
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+
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+Node node-3 promoted to a manager in the swarm.
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+Node node-2 promoted to a manager in the swarm.
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+```
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+
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+To demote a node or set of nodes, run `docker node demote` from a manager node:
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+
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+```bash
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+$ docker node demote node-3 node-2
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+
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+Manager node-3 demoted in the swarm.
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+Manager node-2 demoted in the swarm.
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+```
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+
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+`docker node promote` and `docker node demote` are convenience commands for
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+`docker node update --role manager` and `docker node update --role worker`
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+respectively.
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+
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+
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+## Leave the swarm
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+
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+Run the `docker swarm leave` command on a node to remove it from the swarm.
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+
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+For example to leave the swarm on a worker node:
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+
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+```bash
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+$ docker swarm leave
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+
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+Node left the swarm.
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+```
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+
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+When a node leaves the swarm, the Docker Engine stops running in swarm
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+mode. The orchestrator no longer schedules tasks to the node.
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+
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+If the node is a manager node, you will receive a warning about maintaining the
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+quorum. To override the warning, pass the `--force` flag. If the last manager
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+node leaves the swarm, the swarm becomes unavailable requiring you to take
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+disaster recovery measures.
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+
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+For information about maintaining a quorum and disaster recovery, refer to the
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+[Swarm administration guide](admin_guide.md).
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+
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+After a node leaves the swarm, you can run the `docker node rm` command on a
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+manager node to remove the node from the node list.
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+
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+For instance:
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+
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+```bash
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+docker node rm node-2
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+
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+node-2
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+```
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+
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+## Learn More
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+
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+* [Swarm administration guide](admin_guide.md)
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+* [Docker Engine command line reference](../reference/commandline/index.md)
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+* [Swarm mode tutorial](swarm-tutorial/index.md)
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