ladybird/Userland/Libraries/LibCrypto/ASN1/DER.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2021, the SerenityOS developers.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
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 *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
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 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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 * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
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#include <AK/Bitmap.h>
#include <AK/Utf8View.h>
#include <LibCrypto/ASN1/DER.h>

namespace Crypto::ASN1 {

Result<Tag, DecodeError> Decoder::read_tag()
{
    auto byte_or_error = read_byte();
    if (byte_or_error.is_error())
        return byte_or_error.error();

    auto byte = byte_or_error.value();
    u8 class_ = byte & 0xc0;
    u8 type = byte & 0x20;
    u8 kind = byte & 0x1f;

    if (kind == 0x1f) {
        kind = 0;
        while (byte & 0x80) {
            auto byte_or_error = read_byte();
            if (byte_or_error.is_error())
                return byte_or_error.error();

            byte = byte_or_error.value();
            kind = (kind << 7) | (byte & 0x7f);
        }
    }

    return Tag { (Kind)kind, (Class)class_, (Type)type };
}

Result<size_t, DecodeError> Decoder::read_length()
{
    auto byte_or_error = read_byte();
    if (byte_or_error.is_error())
        return byte_or_error.error();

    auto byte = byte_or_error.value();
    size_t length = byte;

    if (byte & 0x80) {
        auto count = byte & 0x7f;
        if (count == 0x7f)
            return DecodeError::InvalidInputFormat;
        auto data_or_error = read_bytes(count);
        if (data_or_error.is_error())
            return data_or_error.error();

        auto data = data_or_error.value();
        length = 0;

        if (data.size() > sizeof(size_t))
            return DecodeError::Overflow;

        for (auto&& byte : data)
            length = (length << 8) | (size_t)byte;
    }

    return length;
}

Result<u8, DecodeError> Decoder::read_byte()
{
    if (m_stack.is_empty())
        return DecodeError::NoInput;

    auto& entry = m_stack.last();
    if (entry.is_empty())
        return DecodeError::NotEnoughData;

    auto byte = entry[0];
    entry = entry.slice(1);

    return byte;
}

Result<ReadonlyBytes, DecodeError> Decoder::read_bytes(size_t length)
{
    if (m_stack.is_empty())
        return DecodeError::NoInput;

    auto& entry = m_stack.last();
    if (entry.size() < length)
        return DecodeError::NotEnoughData;

    auto bytes = entry.slice(0, length);
    entry = entry.slice(length);

    return bytes;
}

Result<bool, DecodeError> Decoder::decode_boolean(ReadonlyBytes data)
{
    if (data.size() != 1)
        return DecodeError::InvalidInputFormat;

    return data[0] == 0;
}

Result<UnsignedBigInteger, DecodeError> Decoder::decode_arbitrary_sized_integer(ReadonlyBytes data)
{
    if (data.size() < 1)
        return DecodeError::NotEnoughData;

    if (data.size() > 1
        && ((data[0] == 0xff && data[1] & 0x80)
            || (data[0] == 0x00 && !(data[1] & 0x80)))) {
        return DecodeError::InvalidInputFormat;
    }

    bool is_negative = data[0] & 0x80;
    if (is_negative)
        return DecodeError::UnsupportedFormat;

    return UnsignedBigInteger::import_data(data.data(), data.size());
}

Result<StringView, DecodeError> Decoder::decode_octet_string(ReadonlyBytes bytes)
{
    return StringView { bytes.data(), bytes.size() };
}

Result<std::nullptr_t, DecodeError> Decoder::decode_null(ReadonlyBytes data)
{
    if (data.size() != 0)
        return DecodeError::InvalidInputFormat;

    return nullptr;
}

Result<Vector<int>, DecodeError> Decoder::decode_object_identifier(ReadonlyBytes data)
{
    Vector<int> result;
    result.append(0); // Reserved space.

    u32 value = 0;
    for (auto&& byte : data) {
        if (value == 0 && byte == 0x80)
            return DecodeError::InvalidInputFormat;

        value = (value << 7) | (byte & 0x7f);
        if (!(byte & 0x80)) {
            result.append(value);
            value = 0;
        }
    }

    if (result.size() == 1 || result[1] >= 1600)
        return DecodeError::InvalidInputFormat;

    result[0] = result[1] / 40;
    result[1] = result[1] % 40;

    return result;
}

Result<StringView, DecodeError> Decoder::decode_printable_string(ReadonlyBytes data)
{
    Utf8View view { data };
    if (!view.validate())
        return DecodeError::InvalidInputFormat;

    return StringView { data };
}

Result<const BitmapView, DecodeError> Decoder::decode_bit_string(ReadonlyBytes data)
{
    if (data.size() < 1)
        return DecodeError::InvalidInputFormat;

    auto unused_bits = data[0];
    return BitmapView { const_cast<u8*>(data.offset_pointer(1)), data.size() * 8 - unused_bits };
}

Result<Tag, DecodeError> Decoder::peek()
{
    if (m_stack.is_empty())
        return DecodeError::NoInput;

    if (eof())
        return DecodeError::EndOfStream;

    if (m_current_tag.has_value())
        return m_current_tag.value();

    auto tag_or_error = read_tag();
    if (tag_or_error.is_error())
        return tag_or_error.error();

    m_current_tag = tag_or_error.value();

    return m_current_tag.value();
}

bool Decoder::eof() const
{
    return m_stack.is_empty() || m_stack.last().is_empty();
}

Optional<DecodeError> Decoder::enter()
{
    if (m_stack.is_empty())
        return DecodeError::NoInput;

    auto tag_or_error = peek();
    if (tag_or_error.is_error())
        return tag_or_error.error();

    auto tag = tag_or_error.value();
    if (tag.type != Type::Constructed)
        return DecodeError::EnteringNonConstructedTag;

    auto length_or_error = read_length();
    if (length_or_error.is_error())
        return length_or_error.error();

    auto length = length_or_error.value();

    auto data_or_error = read_bytes(length);
    if (data_or_error.is_error())
        return data_or_error.error();

    m_current_tag.clear();

    auto data = data_or_error.value();
    m_stack.append(data);
    return {};
}

Optional<DecodeError> Decoder::leave()
{
    if (m_stack.is_empty())
        return DecodeError::NoInput;

    if (m_stack.size() == 1)
        return DecodeError::LeavingMainContext;

    m_stack.take_last();
    m_current_tag.clear();

    return {};
}

}

void AK::Formatter<Crypto::ASN1::DecodeError>::format(FormatBuilder& fmtbuilder, Crypto::ASN1::DecodeError error)
{
    using Crypto::ASN1::DecodeError;

    switch (error) {
    case DecodeError::NoInput:
        return Formatter<StringView>::format(fmtbuilder, "DecodeError(No input provided)");
    case DecodeError::NonConformingType:
        return Formatter<StringView>::format(fmtbuilder, "DecodeError(Tried to read with a non-conforming type)");
    case DecodeError::EndOfStream:
        return Formatter<StringView>::format(fmtbuilder, "DecodeError(End of stream)");
    case DecodeError::NotEnoughData:
        return Formatter<StringView>::format(fmtbuilder, "DecodeError(Not enough data)");
    case DecodeError::EnteringNonConstructedTag:
        return Formatter<StringView>::format(fmtbuilder, "DecodeError(Tried to enter a primitive tag)");
    case DecodeError::LeavingMainContext:
        return Formatter<StringView>::format(fmtbuilder, "DecodeError(Tried to leave the main context)");
    case DecodeError::InvalidInputFormat:
        return Formatter<StringView>::format(fmtbuilder, "DecodeError(Input data contained invalid syntax/data)");
    case DecodeError::Overflow:
        return Formatter<StringView>::format(fmtbuilder, "DecodeError(Construction would overflow)");
    case DecodeError::UnsupportedFormat:
        return Formatter<StringView>::format(fmtbuilder, "DecodeError(Input data format not supported by this parser)");
    default:
        return Formatter<StringView>::format(fmtbuilder, "DecodeError(Unknown)");
    }
}