LibWeb: Start absolutizing lengths after performing the CSS cascade

Once we've performed the cascade on a set of values for an element,
we should have enough information to resolve/absolutize some lengths.

Basically, any CSS length that isn't "auto" or a percentage can be
turned into an absolute length (in pixels) as long as we have the
following information:

- The viewport rect
- The parent element's font
- The document element's font
- The element's own font

To ensure that we can absolutize lengths relative to the element's own
font, we now do a separate first pass where font-related properties are
defaulted (in the cascade spec sense of the word) and become usable.

There's a lot more work to do here, but this should open up a lot of
simplification in layout code, since it will no longer need to care
about relative lengths. Layout still needs to resolve percentages, since
we can't do that for some properties until the containing block
dimensions are known.

Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/CSS/Length.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 
 #include <AK/NonnullOwnPtr.h>
 #include <AK/Variant.h>
+#include <LibGfx/Font.h>
+#include <LibGfx/Rect.h>
 #include <LibWeb/CSS/Length.h>
 #include <LibWeb/DOM/Document.h>
 #include <LibWeb/HTML/HTMLHtmlElement.h>
@@ -14,37 +16,49 @@
 
 namespace Web::CSS {
 
-float Length::relative_length_to_px(const Layout::Node& layout_node) const
+float Length::relative_length_to_px(Gfx::IntRect const& viewport_rect, Gfx::FontMetrics const& font_metrics, float root_font_size) const
 {
     switch (m_type) {
     case Type::Ex:
-        return m_value * layout_node.font().x_height();
+        return m_value * font_metrics.x_height;
     case Type::Em:
-        return m_value * layout_node.font_size();
+        return m_value * font_metrics.size;
     case Type::Ch:
         // FIXME: Use layout_node.font().glyph_height() when writing-mode is not horizontal-tb (it has to be implemented first)
-        return m_value * (layout_node.font().glyph_width('0') + layout_node.font().glyph_spacing());
+        return m_value * (font_metrics.glyph_width + font_metrics.glyph_spacing);
     case Type::Rem:
-        return m_value * layout_node.document().document_element()->layout_node()->font_size();
+        return m_value * root_font_size;
     case Type::Vw:
-        return layout_node.document().browsing_context()->viewport_rect().width() * (m_value / 100);
+        return viewport_rect.width() * (m_value / 100);
     case Type::Vh:
-        return layout_node.document().browsing_context()->viewport_rect().height() * (m_value / 100);
-    case Type::Vmin: {
-        auto viewport = layout_node.document().browsing_context()->viewport_rect();
-
-        return min(viewport.width(), viewport.height()) * (m_value / 100);
-    }
-    case Type::Vmax: {
-        auto viewport = layout_node.document().browsing_context()->viewport_rect();
-
-        return max(viewport.width(), viewport.height()) * (m_value / 100);
-    }
+        return viewport_rect.height() * (m_value / 100);
+    case Type::Vmin:
+        return min(viewport_rect.width(), viewport_rect.height()) * (m_value / 100);
+    case Type::Vmax:
+        return max(viewport_rect.width(), viewport_rect.height()) * (m_value / 100);
     default:
         VERIFY_NOT_REACHED();
     }
 }
 
+float Length::to_px(Layout::Node const& layout_node) const
+{
+    if (!layout_node.document().browsing_context())
+        return 0;
+    auto viewport_rect = layout_node.document().browsing_context()->viewport_rect();
+    auto* root_element = layout_node.document().document_element();
+    if (!root_element || !root_element->layout_node())
+        return 0;
+    return to_px(viewport_rect, layout_node.font().metrics('M'), root_element->layout_node()->font().presentation_size());
+}
+
+float Length::relative_length_to_px(Layout::Node const& layout_node) const
+{
+    auto viewport_rect = layout_node.document().browsing_context()->viewport_rect();
+    auto root_element = layout_node.document().document_element();
+    return relative_length_to_px(viewport_rect, layout_node.font().metrics('M'), root_element->layout_node()->font().presentation_size());
+}
+
 static float resolve_calc_value(CalculatedStyleValue::CalcValue const&, const Layout::Node& layout_node, float reference_for_percent);
 static float resolve_calc_number_value(CalculatedStyleValue::CalcNumberValue const&);
 static float resolve_calc_product(NonnullOwnPtr<CalculatedStyleValue::CalcProduct> const&, const Layout::Node& layout_node, float reference_for_percent);

Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/CSS/Length.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <AK/String.h>
+#include <LibGfx/Forward.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Forward.h>
 
 namespace Web::CSS {
@@ -103,10 +104,13 @@ public:
     }
 
     float raw_value() const { return m_value; }
-    ALWAYS_INLINE float to_px(const Layout::Node& layout_node) const
+
+    float to_px(Layout::Node const&) const;
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE float to_px(Gfx::IntRect const& viewport_rect, Gfx::FontMetrics const& font_metrics, float root_font_size) const
     {
         if (is_relative())
-            return relative_length_to_px(layout_node);
+            return relative_length_to_px(viewport_rect, font_metrics, root_font_size);
         constexpr float inch_pixels = 96.0f;
         constexpr float centimeter_pixels = (inch_pixels / 2.54f);
         switch (m_type) {
@@ -153,6 +157,8 @@ public:
 
     void set_calculated_style(CalculatedStyleValue* value) { m_calculated_style = value; }
 
+    float relative_length_to_px(Gfx::IntRect const& viewport_rect, Gfx::FontMetrics const& font_metrics, float root_font_size) const;
+
 private:
     float relative_length_to_px(const Layout::Node&) const;
     float resolve_calculated_value(const Layout::Node& layout_node, float reference_for_percent) const;

Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/CSS/StyleProperties.cpp

@@ -231,7 +231,6 @@ void StyleProperties::load_font(Layout::Node const& node) const
     }
 
     if (!found_font) {
-        dbgln("Font not found: '{}' {} {}", family_value->to_string(), size, weight);
         found_font = font_fallback(monospace, bold);
     }
 
@@ -239,7 +238,7 @@ void StyleProperties::load_font(Layout::Node const& node) const
     FontCache::the().set(font_selector, *m_font);
 }
 
-RefPtr<Gfx::Font> StyleProperties::font_fallback(bool monospace, bool bold) const
+NonnullRefPtr<Gfx::Font> StyleProperties::font_fallback(bool monospace, bool bold)
 {
     if (monospace && bold)
         return Gfx::FontDatabase::default_fixed_width_font().bold_variant();

Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/CSS/StyleProperties.h

@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ public:
             callback((CSS::PropertyID)it.key, *it.value);
     }
 
+    HashMap<CSS::PropertyID, NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue>>& properties() { return m_property_values; }
+    HashMap<CSS::PropertyID, NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue>> const& properties() const { return m_property_values; }
+
     void set_property(CSS::PropertyID, NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue> value);
     void set_property(CSS::PropertyID, const StringView&);
     Optional<NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue>> property(CSS::PropertyID) const;
@@ -73,6 +76,17 @@ public:
         return *m_font;
     }
 
+    Gfx::Font const& computed_font() const
+    {
+        VERIFY(m_font);
+        return *m_font;
+    }
+
+    void set_computed_font(NonnullRefPtr<Gfx::Font> font)
+    {
+        m_font = move(font);
+    }
+
     float line_height(const Layout::Node&) const;
 
     bool operator==(const StyleProperties&) const;
@@ -81,6 +95,8 @@ public:
     Optional<CSS::Position> position() const;
     Optional<int> z_index() const;
 
+    static NonnullRefPtr<Gfx::Font> font_fallback(bool monospace, bool bold);
+
 private:
     friend class StyleResolver;
 
@@ -88,7 +104,6 @@ private:
     Optional<CSS::Overflow> overflow(CSS::PropertyID) const;
 
     void load_font(Layout::Node const&) const;
-    RefPtr<Gfx::Font> font_fallback(bool monospace, bool bold) const;
 
     mutable RefPtr<Gfx::Font> m_font;
 };

Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/CSS/StyleResolver.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
  */
 
 #include <AK/QuickSort.h>
+#include <LibGfx/Font.h>
+#include <LibGfx/FontDatabase.h>
 #include <LibWeb/CSS/CSSStyleRule.h>
 #include <LibWeb/CSS/Parser/Parser.h>
 #include <LibWeb/CSS/SelectorEngine.h>
@@ -15,6 +17,8 @@
 #include <LibWeb/DOM/Document.h>
 #include <LibWeb/DOM/Element.h>
 #include <LibWeb/Dump.h>
+#include <LibWeb/FontCache.h>
+#include <LibWeb/Page/BrowsingContext.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
@@ -574,50 +578,253 @@ void StyleResolver::compute_cascaded_values(StyleProperties& style, DOM::Element
     // FIXME: Transition declarations [css-transitions-1]
 }
 
-// https://drafts.csswg.org/css-cascade/#defaulting
-void StyleResolver::compute_defaulted_values(StyleProperties& style, DOM::Element const& element) const
+static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue> get_initial_value(CSS::PropertyID property_id)
+{
+    auto value = property_initial_value(property_id);
+    if (!value)
+        return InitialStyleValue::the();
+    return value.release_nonnull();
+};
+
+static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue> get_inherit_value(CSS::PropertyID property_id, DOM::Element const& element)
+{
+    if (!element.parent_element() || !element.parent_element()->specified_css_values())
+        return get_initial_value(property_id);
+    auto& map = element.parent_element()->specified_css_values()->properties();
+    auto it = map.find(property_id);
+    VERIFY(it != map.end());
+    return *it->value;
+};
+
+void StyleResolver::compute_defaulted_property_value(StyleProperties& style, DOM::Element const& element, CSS::PropertyID property_id) const
 {
     // FIXME: If we don't know the correct initial value for a property, we fall back to InitialStyleValue.
 
-    auto get_initial_value = [&](PropertyID property_id) -> NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue> {
-        auto value = property_initial_value(property_id);
-        if (!value)
-            return InitialStyleValue::the();
-        return value.release_nonnull();
-    };
+    auto it = style.m_property_values.find(property_id);
+    if (it == style.m_property_values.end()) {
+        if (is_inherited_property(property_id))
+            style.m_property_values.set(property_id, get_inherit_value(property_id, element));
+        else
+            style.m_property_values.set(property_id, get_initial_value(property_id));
+        return;
+    }
 
-    auto get_inherit_value = [&](PropertyID property_id) -> NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue> {
-        if (!element.parent_element() || !element.parent_element()->specified_css_values())
-            return get_initial_value(property_id);
-        auto& map = element.parent_element()->specified_css_values()->m_property_values;
-        auto it = map.find(property_id);
-        VERIFY(it != map.end());
-        return const_cast<StyleValue&>(*it->value);
-    };
+    if (it->value->is_initial()) {
+        it->value = get_initial_value(property_id);
+        return;
+    }
 
+    if (it->value->is_inherit()) {
+        it->value = get_inherit_value(property_id, element);
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+// https://drafts.csswg.org/css-cascade/#defaulting
+void StyleResolver::compute_defaulted_values(StyleProperties& style, DOM::Element const& element) const
+{
     // Walk the list of all known CSS properties and:
     // - Add them to `style` if they are missing.
     // - Resolve `inherit` and `initial` as needed.
     for (auto i = to_underlying(CSS::first_longhand_property_id); i <= to_underlying(CSS::last_longhand_property_id); ++i) {
         auto property_id = (CSS::PropertyID)i;
-        auto it = style.m_property_values.find(property_id);
-        if (it == style.m_property_values.end()) {
+        compute_defaulted_property_value(style, element, property_id);
+    }
+}
 
-            if (is_inherited_property(property_id))
-                style.m_property_values.set(property_id, get_inherit_value(property_id));
-            else
-                style.m_property_values.set(property_id, get_initial_value(property_id));
-            continue;
+void StyleResolver::compute_font(StyleProperties& style, DOM::Element const& element) const
+{
+    // To compute the font, first ensure that we've defaulted the relevant CSS font properties.
+    // FIXME: This should be more sophisticated.
+    compute_defaulted_property_value(style, element, CSS::PropertyID::FontFamily);
+    compute_defaulted_property_value(style, element, CSS::PropertyID::FontSize);
+    compute_defaulted_property_value(style, element, CSS::PropertyID::FontWeight);
+
+    auto viewport_rect = document().browsing_context()->viewport_rect();
+
+    auto font_size = style.property(CSS::PropertyID::FontSize).value();
+    auto font_weight = style.property(CSS::PropertyID::FontWeight).value();
+
+    int weight = Gfx::FontWeight::Regular;
+    if (font_weight->is_identifier()) {
+        switch (static_cast<IdentifierStyleValue const&>(*font_weight).id()) {
+        case CSS::ValueID::Normal:
+            weight = Gfx::FontWeight::Regular;
+            break;
+        case CSS::ValueID::Bold:
+            weight = Gfx::FontWeight::Bold;
+            break;
+        case CSS::ValueID::Lighter:
+            // FIXME: This should be relative to the parent.
+            weight = Gfx::FontWeight::Regular;
+            break;
+        case CSS::ValueID::Bolder:
+            // FIXME: This should be relative to the parent.
+            weight = Gfx::FontWeight::Bold;
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
         }
+    } else if (font_weight->is_numeric()) {
+        int font_weight_integer = roundf(static_cast<NumericStyleValue const&>(*font_weight).value());
+        if (font_weight_integer <= Gfx::FontWeight::Regular)
+            weight = Gfx::FontWeight::Regular;
+        else if (font_weight_integer <= Gfx::FontWeight::Bold)
+            weight = Gfx::FontWeight::Bold;
+        else
+            weight = Gfx::FontWeight::Black;
+    }
+    // FIXME: calc() for font-weight
 
-        if (it->value->is_initial()) {
-            it->value = get_initial_value(property_id);
-            continue;
+    bool bold = weight > Gfx::FontWeight::Regular;
+
+    int size = 10;
+
+    if (font_size->is_identifier()) {
+        switch (static_cast<const IdentifierStyleValue&>(*font_size).id()) {
+        case CSS::ValueID::XxSmall:
+        case CSS::ValueID::XSmall:
+        case CSS::ValueID::Small:
+        case CSS::ValueID::Medium:
+            // FIXME: Should be based on "user's default font size"
+            size = 10;
+            break;
+        case CSS::ValueID::Large:
+        case CSS::ValueID::XLarge:
+        case CSS::ValueID::XxLarge:
+        case CSS::ValueID::XxxLarge:
+            // FIXME: Should be based on "user's default font size"
+            size = 12;
+            break;
+        case CSS::ValueID::Smaller:
+        case CSS::ValueID::Larger:
+            // FIXME: Should be based on parent element
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+    } else {
+        float root_font_size = 10;
+        if (element.document().document_element() != &element)
+            root_font_size = element.document().document_element()->layout_node()->font().presentation_size();
+
+        Gfx::FontMetrics font_metrics;
+        if (element.parent_element())
+            font_metrics = element.parent_element()->specified_css_values()->computed_font().metrics('M');
+        else
+            font_metrics = Gfx::FontDatabase::default_font().metrics('M');
+
+        Optional<Length> maybe_length;
+        if (font_size->is_length()) {
+            maybe_length = font_size->to_length();
+            if (maybe_length->is_percentage()) {
+                auto parent_font_size = size;
+                if (element.parent_element() && element.parent_element()->layout_node() && element.parent_element()->specified_css_values()) {
+                    auto value = element.parent_element()->specified_css_values()->property(CSS::PropertyID::FontSize).value();
+                    if (value->is_length()) {
+                        auto length = static_cast<LengthStyleValue const&>(*value).to_length();
+                        if (length.is_absolute() || length.is_relative())
+                            parent_font_size = length.to_px(viewport_rect, font_metrics, root_font_size);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                maybe_length = Length::make_px(maybe_length->raw_value() / 100.0f * (parent_font_size));
+            }
+        } else if (font_size->is_calculated()) {
+            Length length = Length(0, Length::Type::Calculated);
+            length.set_calculated_style(verify_cast<CalculatedStyleValue>(font_size.ptr()));
+            maybe_length = length;
+        }
+        if (maybe_length.has_value()) {
+            auto calculated_size = maybe_length.value().to_px(viewport_rect, font_metrics, root_font_size);
+            if (calculated_size != 0)
+                size = calculated_size;
         }
+    }
+
+    // FIXME: Implement the full font-matching algorithm: https://www.w3.org/TR/css-fonts-4/#font-matching-algorithm
 
-        if (it->value->is_inherit()) {
-            it->value = get_inherit_value(property_id);
+    // Note: This is modified by the find_font() lambda
+    FontSelector font_selector;
+    bool monospace = false;
+
+    auto find_font = [&](String const& family) -> RefPtr<Gfx::Font> {
+        font_selector = { family, size, weight };
+
+        if (auto found_font = FontCache::the().get(font_selector))
+            return found_font;
+
+        if (auto found_font = Gfx::FontDatabase::the().get(family, size, weight))
+            return found_font;
+
+        return {};
+    };
+
+    // FIXME: Replace hard-coded font names with a relevant call to FontDatabase.
+    // Currently, we cannot request the default font's name, or request it at a specific size and weight.
+    // So, hard-coded font names it is.
+    auto find_generic_font = [&](ValueID font_id) -> RefPtr<Gfx::Font> {
+        switch (font_id) {
+        case ValueID::Monospace:
+        case ValueID::UiMonospace:
+            monospace = true;
+            return find_font("Csilla");
+        case ValueID::Serif:
+        case ValueID::SansSerif:
+        case ValueID::Cursive:
+        case ValueID::Fantasy:
+        case ValueID::UiSerif:
+        case ValueID::UiSansSerif:
+        case ValueID::UiRounded:
+            return find_font("Katica");
+        default:
+            return {};
+        }
+    };
+
+    RefPtr<Gfx::Font> found_font;
+
+    auto family_value = style.property(PropertyID::FontFamily).value();
+    if (family_value->is_value_list()) {
+        auto& family_list = static_cast<StyleValueList const&>(*family_value).values();
+        for (auto& family : family_list) {
+            if (family.is_identifier()) {
+                found_font = find_generic_font(family.to_identifier());
+            } else if (family.is_string()) {
+                found_font = find_font(family.to_string());
+            }
+            if (found_font)
+                break;
+        }
+    } else if (family_value->is_identifier()) {
+        found_font = find_generic_font(family_value->to_identifier());
+    } else if (family_value->is_string()) {
+        found_font = find_font(family_value->to_string());
+    }
+
+    if (!found_font) {
+        found_font = StyleProperties::font_fallback(monospace, bold);
+    }
+
+    FontCache::the().set(font_selector, *found_font);
+
+    style.set_computed_font(found_font.release_nonnull());
+}
+
+void StyleResolver::absolutize_values(StyleProperties& style, DOM::Element const&) const
+{
+    auto viewport_rect = document().browsing_context()->viewport_rect();
+    auto font_metrics = style.computed_font().metrics('M');
+    // FIXME: Get the root element font.
+    float root_font_size = 10;
+
+    for (auto& it : style.properties()) {
+        if (!it.value->is_length())
             continue;
+        auto length = it.value->to_length();
+        if (length.is_relative()) {
+            auto px = length.relative_length_to_px(viewport_rect, font_metrics, root_font_size);
+            it.value = LengthStyleValue::create(CSS::Length::make_px(px));
         }
     }
 }
@@ -625,9 +832,18 @@ void StyleResolver::compute_defaulted_values(StyleProperties& style, DOM::Elemen
 NonnullRefPtr<StyleProperties> StyleResolver::resolve_style(DOM::Element& element) const
 {
     auto style = StyleProperties::create();
+    // 1. Perform the cascade. This produces the "specified style"
     compute_cascaded_values(style, element);
+
+    // 2. Compute the font, since that may be needed for font-relative CSS units
+    compute_font(style, element);
+
+    // 3. Absolutize values, turning font/viewport relative lengths into absolute lengths
+    absolutize_values(style, element);
+
+    // 4. Default the values, applying inheritance and 'initial' as needed
     compute_defaulted_values(style, element);
+
     return style;
 }
-
 }

Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/CSS/StyleResolver.h

@@ -53,7 +53,11 @@ public:
 
 private:
     void compute_cascaded_values(StyleProperties&, DOM::Element&) const;
+    void compute_font(StyleProperties&, DOM::Element const&) const;
     void compute_defaulted_values(StyleProperties&, DOM::Element const&) const;
+    void absolutize_values(StyleProperties&, DOM::Element const&) const;
+
+    void compute_defaulted_property_value(StyleProperties&, DOM::Element const&, CSS::PropertyID) const;
 
     template<typename Callback>
     void for_each_stylesheet(CascadeOrigin, Callback) const;