# AnonAddy Self-Hosting Instructions

## Assumptions

This guide assumes that you are competent using the command line to manage an Ubuntu server and that you have already taken appropriate steps to harden and secure the server, for example: no root login, key auth only, 2FA, automatic security updates etc. I will not go over these here as there are already many great resources availble covering this:

- [https://github.com/imthenachoman/How-To-Secure-A-Linux-Server](https://github.com/imthenachoman/How-To-Secure-A-Linux-Server)
- [https://jacyhong.wordpress.com/2016/06/27/my-first-10-minutes-on-a-server-primer-for-securing-ubuntu/](https://jacyhong.wordpress.com/2016/06/27/my-first-10-minutes-on-a-server-primer-for-securing-ubuntu/)
- [https://plusbryan.com/my-first-5-minutes-on-a-server-or-essential-security-for-linux-servers](https://plusbryan.com/my-first-5-minutes-on-a-server-or-essential-security-for-linux-servers)

You should have a fresh 20.04 Ubuntu server (or 18.04) with Fail2ban, a Firewall (e.g UFW), and make sure that ports **25**, **22** (or whatever your SSH port is if you've changed it) **443** and **80** are open.

## Setting up the server

Choosing a provider (that you trust), [UpCloud](https://upcloud.com/signup/?promo=D5H33W) (referral link), Vultr, Greenhost, OVH, Hetzner, Linode, Cockbox (make sure the host allows port 25 to be used, some providers block it).

With Vultr and UpCloud you may need to open a support ticket and request for them to unblock port 25 as it is typically disabled by default.

Before starting you will want to check the IP of your new server to make sure it is not on many blacklists - [https://multirbl.valli.org/lookup/](https://multirbl.valli.org/lookup/)

If it is, then check if the blacklists are just preventitive e.g. because the IP has no reverse DNS setup. These listings can easily be removed once you've correctly set up the server.

If the IP is on many blacklists specifically for sending out spam then it migt be best to destroy it and deploy a new one. You might notice that some providers such as Vultr have entire ranges of IPs listed.

I will be running all commands as a sudo user called `johndoe`. The domain used will be `example.com` and the hostname `mail.example.com`. I'll be using Vultr for this example (Note: if you also use Vultr for managing DNS records they do not currently support TSLA records required for DANE).

To check your server's hostname run:

```bash
hostname -f
```

If your hostname is not what it should be update it by running:

```bash
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname mail.example.com
```

Making sure to replace mail.example.com with your own domain.

## DNS records

Now let's add some basic DNS records.

We'll start with the MX record. This tells email sent to your domain where it should go.

```
MX @ mail.example.com
```

We want to direct it to our server's fully qualifed domain name (FQDN). Give it a priority of 10 (or just make sure it has the lowest priority if you have other MX records).

If you want to be able to also use wildcard subdomains e.g. (alias@username.example.com) then you also need to add a wildcard MX record:

```
MX * mail.example.com
```

This will tell email sent to any subdomain of example.com to go to the same place.

Add a wildcard A and AAAA (if using IPv6) record too if you want to use all subdomains (or just an A record for unsubscribe.example.com if not).

```
A * <Your-IPv4-address>
AAAA * <Your-IPv6-address>
```

If you want to just use the example.com domain and not bother with subdomains then you can skip the wildcard MX, A, AAAA records above (you will still need to add MX and A/AAAA for unsubscribe.example.com though to handle deactivating aliases).

Next we will add an explicit A record for the hostname `mail.example.com` and for where the web app will be located `app.example.com`

```
A mail.example.com <Your-IPv4-address>
A app.example.com <Your-IPv4-address>
```

If you are using IPv6 then you will also need to add an AAAA record

```
AAAA mail.example.com <Your-IPv6-address>
AAAA app.example.com <Your-IPv6-address>
```

Make sure to replace the placeholders above with the actual IP address of your server.

Now we need to set up the correct PTR record for reverse DNS lookups. This needs to be set as your FQDN (fully qualified domain name) which in our case is mail.example.com.

On your server run `host <Your-IPv4-address>` to check what it is.

You will likely need to login to your hosting provider to update your PTR record.

In Vultr you can update your reverse DNS by clicking on your server, then going to the settings tab, then IPv4 and click on the value in the "Reverse DNS" column.

Change it to `mail.example.com`. Don't forget to update this for IPv6 if you are using it too.

You can check that it is set correctly by entering your IPv4 and IPv6 addresses here [https://mxtoolbox.com/ReverseLookup.aspx](https://mxtoolbox.com/ReverseLookup.aspx).

## Installing Postfix

Now we're going to install our MTA (mail transfer agent) Postfix.

```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install postfix
```
For configuration type select "Internet Site".

For System mail name: enter "example.com" note the missing mail subdomain.

Postfix should now begin installing.

If you would like to check the version of Postfix that you are running you can do:

```bash
sudo postconf mail_version
```

At the time of writing this I am running `mail_version = 3.4.13`.

We'll install an extension we will need later so that Postfix can query our database.

```bash
sudo apt install postfix-mysql
```

Now let's update our Postfix config file. A lot of the items in this file don't exist yet, but don't worry, we'll create them soon.

```bash
sudo vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
```

Or use nano if you like.

Replace the file contents with the following (replacing example.com with your own domain):

```
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP
biff = no

# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no

readme_directory = no

# See http://www.postfix.org/COMPATIBILITY_README.html -- default to 2 on
# fresh installs.
compatibility_level = 2

# SMTPD
smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.d/server.crt
smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.d/server.key
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtpd_tls_CApath = /etc/ssl/certs
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtpd_tls_mandatory_exclude_ciphers = MD5, DES, ADH, RC4, PSD, SRP, 3DES, eNULL, aNULL
smtpd_tls_exclude_ciphers = MD5, DES, ADH, RC4, PSD, SRP, 3DES, eNULL, aNULL
smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1
smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = high
smtpd_tls_ciphers = high
smtpd_tls_eecdh_grade = ultra
tls_high_cipherlist=EECDH+ECDSA+AESGCM:EECDH+aRSA+AESGCM:EECDH+ECDSA+SHA384:EECDH+ECDSA+SHA256:EECDH+aRSA+SHA384:EECDH+aRSA+SHA256:EECDH+aRSA+RC4:EECDH:EDH+aRSA:RC4:!aNULL:!eNULL:!LOW:!3DES:!MD5:!EXP:!PSK:!SRP:!DSS
tls_preempt_cipherlist = yes
tls_ssl_options = NO_COMPRESSION

# SMTP
smtp_tls_CApath = /etc/ssl/certs
smtp_use_tls=yes
smtp_tls_loglevel = 1
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1
smtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1
smtp_tls_mandatory_ciphers = high
smtp_tls_ciphers = high
smtp_tls_mandatory_exclude_ciphers = MD5, DES, ADH, RC4, PSD, SRP, 3DES, eNULL, aNULL
smtp_tls_exclude_ciphers = MD5, DES, ADH, RC4, PSD, SRP, 3DES, eNULL, aNULL
smtp_tls_security_level = may

smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated defer_unauth_destination
myhostname = mail.example.com
mydomain = example.com
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname

mydestination = localhost.$mydomain, localhost

virtual_transport = anonaddy:
virtual_mailbox_domains = $mydomain, unsubscribe.$mydomain, mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-alias-domains-and-subdomains.cf

relayhost =
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = all

local_recipient_maps =

smtpd_helo_required = yes
smtpd_helo_restrictions =
    permit_mynetworks
    permit_sasl_authenticated
    reject_invalid_helo_hostname
    reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname
    reject_unknown_helo_hostname

smtpd_sender_restrictions =
   permit_mynetworks
   permit_sasl_authenticated
   reject_non_fqdn_sender
   reject_unknown_sender_domain
   reject_unknown_reverse_client_hostname

smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
   permit_mynetworks,
   reject_unauth_destination,
   check_recipient_access mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-recipient-access.cf,
   reject_rhsbl_helo dbl.spamhaus.org,
   reject_rhsbl_reverse_client dbl.spamhaus.org,
   reject_rhsbl_sender dbl.spamhaus.org,
   reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org
   reject_rbl_client dul.dnsbl.sorbs.net

# Block clients that speak too early.
smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining

# Milter configuration
milter_default_action = accept
milter_protocol = 6
smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:11332
non_smtpd_milters = $smtpd_milters
milter_mail_macros =  i {mail_addr} {client_addr} {client_name} {auth_authen}

disable_vrfy_command = yes
strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes
```

Make sure your hostname is correct in the Postfix config file.

```bash
sudo postconf myhostname
```

You'll see warnings that the mysql-... files do not exist. You should see mail.example.com, if you don't edit `/etc/postfix/main.cf` and update the myhostname value.

Open up `/etc/postfix/master.cf` and add these lines to the bottom of the file:

```
anonaddy unix - n n - - pipe
  flags=F user=johndoe argv=php /var/www/anonaddy/artisan anonaddy:receive-email --sender=${sender} --recipient=${recipient} --local_part=${user} --extension=${extension} --domain=${domain} --size=${size}
```

Making sure to replace `johndoe` with the username of the user who will run the artisan command and also to update the /path to wherever you plan to place the web app installation. For this tutorial I'm going to use the location `/var/www/anonaddy`.

This command will pipe the email through to our applicaton so that we can determine who the alias belongs to and who to forward the email to.

## Installing Nginx

To install Nginx add the following signing key and repo.

Import the nginx signing key and the repository.

```bash
sudo apt-key adv --fetch-keys 'https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key'
sudo sh -c "echo 'deb https://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ '$(lsb_release -cs)' nginx' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/Nginx.list"
```

Then you can install and check the version.

```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx
sudo nginx -v
```

At the time of writing this I have `nginx version: nginx/1.21.1`.

Create the directory for where the application will be stored.

```bash
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/
```

First we'll generate a stronger DHE parameter for Nginx by running:

```bash
sudo mkdir /etc/nginx/ssl
sudo openssl dhparam -out /etc/nginx/ssl/dhparam.pem 4096
```

The above command will take quite some time, so go grab a cup of tea/coffee!

Next create the Nginx server block:

```bash
sudo mkdir /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.d
sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.conf
```

Add the following inside

```
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;

server_name app.example.com;
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}

server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
server_name app.example.com;
root /var/www/anonaddy/public;
server_tokens off;

add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains; preload";
add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'; img-src 'self' data:; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; font-src 'self'; object-src 'none'";
add_header Referrer-Policy "origin-when-cross-origin";
add_header Expect-CT "enforce, max-age=604800";

index index.html index.htm index.php;

charset utf-8;

ssl_certificate             /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.d/server.crt;
ssl_certificate_key         /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.d/server.key;
ssl_trusted_certificate     /root/.acme.sh/example.com/fullchain.cer;

ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;
ssl_session_timeout         5m;
ssl_protocols               TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
ssl_stapling                on;
ssl_stapling_verify         on;
ssl_ciphers                 "ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384";
ssl_ecdh_curve              secp384r1;
ssl_session_cache           shared:SSL:10m;
ssl_session_tickets         off;
ssl_dhparam                 /etc/nginx/ssl/dhparam.pem;

location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}

location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
location = /robots.txt  { access_log off; log_not_found off; }

error_page 404 /index.php;

location ~ \.php$ {
    fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.0-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
}

location ~ /\.(?!well-known).* {
    deny all;
}
}
```

```bash
sudo nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
```
Change the user to johndoe.

We won't restart nginx yet because it won't be able to find the SSL certificates and will throw an error.

## Installing PHP

We're going to install the latest version of PHP at the time of writing this - version 7.4

First we need to add the following repository so we can install PHP8.0.

```bash
sudo apt install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt update
```

Install PHP8.0 and check the version.

```bash
sudo apt install php8.0-fpm
php-fpm8.0 -v
```

Install some required extensions:

```bash
sudo apt install php8.0-common php8.0-mysql php8.0-dev php8.0-gmp php8.0-mbstring php8.0-dom php8.0-gd php8.0-imagick php8.0-opcache php8.0-soap php8.0-zip php8.0-cli php8.0-curl php8.0-mailparse php8.0-gnupg php8.0-redis -y
```

```bash
sudo nano /etc/php/8.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
```

```
user = johndoe
group = johndoe
listen.owner = johndoe
listen.group = johndoe
```

Restart php8.0-fpm to reflect the changes.

```bash
sudo service php8.0-fpm restart
```

## Let's Encrypt

Now we need to get an SSL certificate using Acme.sh.

We again need to switch to the root user to run these commands:

```bash
sudo su
```

Download the install script from GitHub and run it. (you can install git by running `sudo apt install git`)

```bash
cd ~
git clone https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh.git
cd acme.sh
./acme.sh --install
```

You should set up automatic DNS API integration for wildcard certs if you are using them, this will allow automatic renewal of your certificates.

[https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh#8-automatic-dns-api-integration](https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh#8-automatic-dns-api-integration)

For example, instructions for Vultr are here - [https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#82-use-vultr-dns-api-to-automatically-issue-cert](https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#82-use-vultr-dns-api-to-automatically-issue-cert)

I would run:

```bash
export VULTR_API_KEY="<Your API key>"
```

To install the certificate run:

```bash
./acme.sh --issue -d example.com -d '*.example.com' --dns dns_vultr \
--keylength 4096 \
--key-file       /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.d/server.key  \
--fullchain-file /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.d/server.crt \
--reloadcmd     "service nginx force-reload"
```

Make sure to change example.com to your domain.

You might see the following error message "Run reload cmd: service nginx force-reload nginx.service is not active, cannot reload.", this can be ignored.

You can now type `exit` to go back to the `johndoe` user instead of `root`.

## Installing MariaDB

At the time of writing this the latest stable release is v10.6. Make sure to check for any newer releases.

Follow the instructions on this link to install MariaDB (make sure to change to 18.04 if you are using it):

[https://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/#distro=Ubuntu&distro_release=focal--ubuntu_focal&mirror=nus&version=10.6](https://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/#distro=Ubuntu&distro_release=focal--ubuntu_focal&mirror=nus&version=10.6)

Make sure it is running correctly and check the version

```bash
sudo systemctl status mariadb
sudo mysql -V
```

At the time of writing this I am using "Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.6.3-MariaDB"

When running securing mariadb Answer `no` for "Switch to unix_socket authentication" and `yes` for "Change the root password?" (Set a secure MySQL root password and make a note of it somewhere e.g. password manager.). Answer `yes` (default) to the other questions.

```bash
sudo mysql_secure_installation
```

Next we're going to create the database and also a user with correct permissions.

```bash
sudo mysql -u root -p
```
Once in the MariaDB shell create a new database called anonaddy_database (or whatever you like)

```sql
CREATE DATABASE anonaddy_database DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
```

Then create a new user and give them a strong password (replace below)

```sql
CREATE USER 'anonaddy'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'STRONG-PASSWORD-HERE';
```

Grant the user privileges for the new database.

```sql
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON anonaddy_database.* TO 'anonaddy'@'localhost';
```

Next flush privileges and exit the MariaDB shell.

```sql
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit
```

Create a new file `/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-alias-domains-and-subdomains.cf` and enter the following inside:

```sql
user = anonaddy
password = your-database-password
hosts = 127.0.0.1
dbname = anonaddy_database
query = SELECT (SELECT 1 FROM users WHERE '%s' IN (CONCAT(username, '.example.com'))) AS users, (SELECT 1 FROM additional_usernames WHERE '%s' IN (CONCAT(additional_usernames.username, '.example.com'))) AS usernames, (SELECT 1 FROM domains WHERE domains.domain = '%s' AND domains.domain_verified_at IS NOT NULL) AS domains LIMIT 1;
```

If you need to add multiple domains then just update the above query to:

```sql
query = SELECT (SELECT 1 FROM users WHERE '%s' IN (CONCAT(username, '.example.com'),CONCAT(username, '.example2.com'))) AS users, (SELECT 1 FROM additional_usernames WHERE '%s' IN (CONCAT(additional_usernames.username, '.example.com'),CONCAT(additional_usernames.username, '.example2.com'))) AS usernames, (SELECT 1 FROM domains WHERE domains.domain = '%s' AND domains.domain_verified_at IS NOT NULL) AS domains LIMIT 1;
```

This file is responsible for determining whether the server should accept email for a certain domain/subdomain. If no results are found from the query then the email will not be accepted.

The reason these SQL queries are not all nicely formatted is because they have to be on one line.

Next create another new file `/etc/postfix/mysql-recipient-access.cf` and enter the following inside:

```sql
user = anonaddy
password = your-database-password
hosts = 127.0.0.1
dbname = anonaddy_database
query = CALL check_access('%s')
```

This file is responsible for checking first whether an alias exists, and if so has it been deactivated or deleted. If it has been deactivated or deleted then return 'DISCARD' or 'REJECT'.

If the alias has not been deactivated or deleted or it does not exist then it also checks whether the alias is for a user, additional username or custom domain and if so, is that additional username or custom domain set as active. If it is not set as active then the email is discarded. It also checks if the user, additional usename or custom domain has catch-all enabled, and if not and the alias does not already exist then the email is rejected.

The reason we're using a stored procedure here is so that we can run multiple queries and use IF statements.

Either from the command line (`sudo mysql -u root -p`) or from an SQL client, run the following code to create the stored procedure.

If you have any issues creating the stored procedure, make sure you have set appropriate permissions for your database user.

```sql
DELIMITER $$

USE `anonaddy_database`$$

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `check_access`$$

CREATE PROCEDURE `check_access`(alias_email VARCHAR(254) charset utf8)
BEGIN
    DECLARE no_alias_exists int(1);
    DECLARE alias_action varchar(7) charset utf8;
    DECLARE username_action varchar(7) charset utf8;
    DECLARE additional_username_action varchar(7) charset utf8;
    DECLARE domain_action varchar(7) charset utf8;
    DECLARE alias_domain varchar(254) charset utf8;

    SET alias_domain = SUBSTRING_INDEX(alias_email, '@', -1);

    # We only want to carry out the checks if it is a full RCPT TO address without any + extension
    IF LOCATE('+',alias_email) = 0 THEN

        SET no_alias_exists = CASE WHEN NOT EXISTS(SELECT NULL FROM aliases WHERE email = alias_email) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END;

        # If there is an alias, check if it is deactivated or deleted
        IF NOT no_alias_exists THEN
            SET alias_action = (SELECT
                IF(deleted_at IS NULL,
                'DISCARD',
                'REJECT')
            FROM
                aliases
            WHERE
                email = alias_email
                AND (active = 0
                OR deleted_at IS NOT NULL));
        END IF;

        # If the alias is deactivated or deleted then increment its blocked count and return the alias_action
        IF alias_action IN('DISCARD','REJECT') THEN
            UPDATE
                aliases
            SET
                emails_blocked = emails_blocked + 1
            WHERE
                email = alias_email;

            SELECT alias_action;
        ELSE
            SELECT
            (
            SELECT
                CASE
                    WHEN no_alias_exists
                    AND catch_all = 0 THEN "REJECT"
                    ELSE NULL
                END
            FROM
                users
            WHERE
                alias_domain IN ( CONCAT(username, '.example.com')) ),
            (
            SELECT
                CASE
                    WHEN no_alias_exists
                    AND catch_all = 0 THEN "REJECT"
                    WHEN active = 0 THEN "DISCARD"
                    ELSE NULL
                END
            FROM
                additional_usernames
            WHERE
                alias_domain IN ( CONCAT(username, '.example.com')) ),
            (
            SELECT
                CASE
                    WHEN no_alias_exists
                    AND catch_all = 0 THEN "REJECT"
                    WHEN active = 0 THEN "DISCARD"
                    ELSE NULL
                END
            FROM
                domains
            WHERE
                domain = alias_domain) INTO username_action, additional_username_action, domain_action;

            # If all actions are NULL then we can return 'DUNNO' which will prevent Postfix from trying substrings of the alias
            IF username_action IS NULL AND additional_username_action IS NULL AND domain_action IS NULL THEN
                SELECT 'DUNNO';
            ELSEIF username_action IN('DISCARD','REJECT') THEN
                SELECT username_action;
            ELSEIF additional_username_action IN('DISCARD','REJECT') THEN
                SELECT additional_username_action;
            ELSE
                SELECT domain_action;
            END IF;
        END IF;
    ELSE
        # This means the alias must have a + extension so we will ignore it
        SELECT NULL;
    END IF;
 END$$

DELIMITER ;
```

If you need to add multiple domains then just update both of the IN sections to:

```sql
IN (CONCAT(username, '.example.com'),CONCAT(username, '.example2.com'))
```

You may be wondering why we have this line near the top of the procedure:

```sql
IF LOCATE('+',alias_email) = 0 THEN
```

This is present because Postfix will pass multiple arguments (substrings of the alias) to this stored procedure for each incoming email.

From the Postfix docs for [check_recipient_access](http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#check_recipient_access):

> "Search the specified access(5) database for the resolved RCPT TO address, domain, parent domains, or localpart@, and execute the corresponding action."

What this means is that if an email comes in for the alias - hello+extension@username.example.com then Postfix will run the stored procedure with the following arguments and order:

```sql
CALL check_access('hello+extension@username.example.com');
CALL check_access('hello@username.example.com'); # We want it to stop the checks here which is why we return 'DUNNO'
CALL check_access('username.example.com');
CALL check_access('example.com');
CALL check_access('com');
CALL check_access('hello@');
```

We only want the queries to be run for the RCPT TO address (hello@username.example.com) without any + extension, which is what the check above does. It also prevents needless database queries being run by returning 'DUNNO' when it finds a match.

Update the permissions and the group of these files:

```bash
sudo chmod o= /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-alias-domains-and-subdomains.cf /etc/postfix/mysql-recipient-access.cf

sudo chgrp postfix /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-alias-domains-and-subdomains.cf /etc/postfix/mysql-recipient-access.cf
```

Make a test call for the stored procedure as your database user to ensure everything is working as expected.

```sql
USE anonaddy_database;
CALL check_access('email@example.com');
```

You will get an error stating "Table 'anonaddy_database.aliases' doesn't exist" as we have not yet migrated the database.

Let's also restart Postfix now that we have created the files for it:

```bash
sudo service postfix restart
```

## Installing Redis

Redis is an advanced key-value store that we will use for caching, sessions, queues and more. To install Redis, run the following commands:

```bash
sudo apt update

sudo apt install redis-server
```

Next edit the Redis config file.

```bash
sudo nano /etc/redis/redis.conf
```

Find the line with `supervised no` and update it to `supervised systemd`. Also make sure the line `bind 127.0.0.1 ::1` is present and uncommented which binds Redis to localhost.

Next we will add a strong password for Redis in the same redis.conf file.

Find the line `# requirepass foobared`, uncomment this line and change "foobared" to a very strong password. (You can generate one using `openssl rand 60 | openssl base64 -A`)

Save the file and restart Redis to reflect the changes.

```bash
sudo systemctl restart redis.service
```

Now run:

```bash
redis-cli
```

Then type `ping`. You'll be promted for the password we just added. You can enter `auth your-password` to authenticate.

Type `exit` to quit the redis-cli.

## Rspamd

Rspamd is a fast, free and open-source spam filtering system. It can also handle DKIM/ARC signing, SPF checks, DMARC checks, DKIM checks, RBLs and much more.

To install Rspamd run the following commands:

```bash
sudo apt install -y lsb-release wget

CODENAME=`lsb_release -c -s`

wget -O- https://rspamd.com/apt-stable/gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -

echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://rspamd.com/apt-stable/ $CODENAME main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rspamd.list

echo "deb-src [arch=amd64] http://rspamd.com/apt-stable/ $CODENAME main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rspamd.list

sudo apt update
sudo apt --no-install-recommends install rspamd
```

Next let's use Rspamd to create a new DKIM key pair.

First make a new directory:

```bash
sudo mkdir /var/lib/rspamd/dkim
```

```bash
sudo rspamadm dkim_keygen -s 'default' -b 2048 -d example.com -k /var/lib/rspamd/dkim/example.com.default.key | sudo tee -a /var/lib/rspamd/dkim/example.com.default.pub
```

Set the correct ownership and permissions:

```bash
sudo chown -R _rspamd: /var/lib/rspamd/dkim
sudo chmod 750 /var/lib/rspamd/dkim
sudo chmod 440 /var/lib/rspamd/dkim/example.com.default.key /var/lib/rspamd/dkim/example.com.default.pub
```

You will now need to create a new TXT record for your domain for this key.

```bash
sudo cat /var/lib/rspamd/dkim/example.com.default.pub
```

```
default._domainkey IN TXT ( "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; "
	"p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDAfXEYcoRG7TQbIDXVvsHr6wSF7s6daT4wqDLuxaQwpnp6SADTkltqemr8IMV3TAOs5lah9+bNIEhlCPxNbXgRQqT2YxBgKfDP1pW00oTJWpy5FfNRJVrGi8MzfyOMjKrg/iwdLHm0/jftk/PnBQAyTgeEaFQxrJqc5XbbWNfvFwIDAQAB" ) ;
```

Create a new TXT record with host as `default._domainkey` and value as the above (everything inside the parentheses with extra quotes and whitespace removed).

So in the case above the record value would look like this:

```
"v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDAfXEYcoRG7TQbIDXVvsHr6wSF7s6daT4wqDLuxaQwpnp6SADTkltqemr8IMV3TAOs5lah9+bNIEhlCPxNbXgRQqT2YxBgKfDP1pW00oTJWpy5FfNRJVrGi8MzfyOMjKrg/iwdLHm0/jftk/PnBQAyTgeEaFQxrJqc5XbbWNfvFwIDAQAB"
```

While we're adding records let's add an SPF and DMARC record for our domain too.

```
TXT  @   "v=spf1 mx ~all"
```

Add a wildcard SPF record for subdomains too e.g. username.example.com

```
TXT  *   "v=spf1 mx ~all"
```

```
TXT _dmarc  "v=DMARC1; p=none; sp=none; adkim=r; aspf=r; pct=100;"
```

IMAGE HERE SPF RECORD ETC


Now we need to create a signing table to tell Rspamd which domains we want it to sign with DKIM and also which key to use.

Create a new file `/etc/rspamd/local.d/dkim_signing.conf` and enter the following inside:

```
signing_table = [
"*@example.com example.com",
"*@*.example.com example.com",
];

key_table = [
"example.com example.com:default:/var/lib/rspamd/dkim/example.com.default.key",
];

use_domain = "envelope";
allow_hdrfrom_mismatch = true;
allow_hdrfrom_mismatch_sign_networks = true;
allow_username_mismatch = true;
use_esld = true;
sign_authenticated = false;
```

As we want to use Authenticated Reply Chain (ARC) signing too, let's copy that file: 

```bash
sudo cp /etc/rspamd/local.d/dkim_signing.conf /etc/rspamd/local.d/arc.conf
```

Create a new file `/etc/rspamd/local.d/redis.conf` and enter the following inside (making sure to update with your Redis password set earlier):

```
write_servers = "localhost";
password = "your-redis-password";
read_servers = "localhost";
```

Create a new file `/etc/rspamd/local.d/classifier-bayes.conf` and enter the following inside:

```
backend = "redis";
```

Create a new file `/etc/rspamd/local.d/logging.inc` and enter the following inside:

```
level = "error";
debug_modules = [];
```

Create a new file `/etc/rspamd/local.d/greylist.conf` and enter the following inside:

```
servers = "127.0.0.1:6379";
```

Create a new file `/etc/rspamd/local.d/history_redis.conf` and enter the following inside:

```
subject_privacy = true;
```

To see the currently enabled modules in Rspamd we can run:

```bash
sudo rspamadm configdump -m
```

Let's disable a few modules to keep Rspamd nice and lightweight.

We can run the following command for each module we wish to disable.

```bash
echo "enabled = false;" | sudo tee -a /etc/rspamd/override.d/module_name.conf
```

Let's disable the following modules:

```bash
echo "enabled = false;" | sudo tee -a /etc/rspamd/override.d/fuzzy_check.conf
echo "enabled = false;" | sudo tee -a /etc/rspamd/override.d/asn.conf
echo "enabled = false;" | sudo tee -a /etc/rspamd/override.d/metadata_exporter.conf
echo "enabled = false;" | sudo tee -a /etc/rspamd/override.d/trie.conf
echo "enabled = false;" | sudo tee -a /etc/rspamd/override.d/neural.conf
echo "enabled = false;" | sudo tee -a /etc/rspamd/override.d/chartable.conf
echo "enabled = false;" | sudo tee -a /etc/rspamd/override.d/ratelimit.conf
echo "enabled = false;" | sudo tee -a /etc/rspamd/override.d/replies.conf
```

Restart Rspamd to reflect the changes.

```bash
sudo service rspamd restart
```

You can use view the Rspamd web interface by creating an SSH tunnel by running the following command on you local pc:

```bash
ssh -L 11334:localhost:11334 johndoe@example.com
```

Then you will be able to visit [http://localhost:11334/](http://localhost:11334/) in your web browser.

You may need to change the scores for a couple of symbols to 0 since AnonAddy uses a different email in the display from and email from.

Create a new file `/etc/rspamd/local.d/groups.conf` and enter the following inside:

```
group "headers" {
  symbols {
    "FAKE_REPLY" {
      weight = 0.0;
    }

    "FROM_NEQ_DISPLAY_NAME" {
      weight = 0.0;
    }

    "FORGED_RECIPIENTS" {
      weight = 0.0;
    }
  }
}
```

Restart Rspamd to reflect the changes.

```bash
sudo service rspamd restart
```


## The web application

Next let's get the actual AnonAddy application from GitHub.

```bash
cd /var/www/
git clone https://github.com/anonaddy/anonaddy.git
cd /var/www/anonaddy
```

Make sure composer is installed (`composer -V`), if not then goto - [https://getcomposer.org/download/](https://getcomposer.org/download/) for instructions.

You can add the following flags when running the composer-setup.php command to add it to your $PATH:

```bash
sudo php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer
```

Before running the NVM install script below make sure that you have a `~/.bashrc` file. If not create one by running `touch ~/.bashrc` so that the NVM installer can be added to your $PATH. Also create a `~/.bash_profile` and add:

```
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
```

Make sure node is installed (`node -v`) if not then install it using NVM - [https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-node-js-on-ubuntu-20-04#option-3-%E2%80%94-installing-node-using-the-node-version-manager](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-node-js-on-ubuntu-20-04#option-3-%E2%80%94-installing-node-using-the-node-version-manager)

At the time of writing this I'm using the latest LTS - v14.17.3

```bash
cd /var/www/anonaddy
composer install --prefer-dist --no-dev -o && npm install
npm run production
```

Next copy the .env.example file and update it with correct values (database password, app url, redis password etc.)

```bash
cp .env.example .env
nano .env
```

Make sure to update the database settings, redis password and the AnonAddy variables. You can use Redis for queue, sessions and cache.

We'll set `ANONADDY_SIGNING_KEY_FINGERPRINT` shortly.

`APP_KEY` will be generated in the next step, this is used by Laravel for securely encrypting values.

For more information on Laravel configuration please visit - [https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/installation#configuration](https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/installation#configuration)

For the `ANONADDY_DKIM_SIGNING_KEY` you only need to fill in this variable if you plan to add any custom domains through the web application.

You can either use the same private DKIM signing key we generated earlier whilst setting up Rspamd.

Or you can generate a new private/public keypair and give your user `johndoe` ownership of the private key.

If you want to use the same key we already generated then you will need to add `johndoe` to the `_rspamd` group by running:

```
sudo usermod -a -G _rspamd johndoe
```

Make sure to also run `sudo chmod g+r /var/lib/rspamd/dkim/example.com.default.key` so that your johndoe user has read permissions for the file.

You may also need to run `sudo chmod g+x /var/lib/rspamd/dkim`.

You'll need to log out and back in again for the changes to take effect.

You can test it by running `cat /var/lib/rspamd/dkim/example.com.default.key` as the johndoe user to see if it can be displayed.

Then update your `.env` file.

```
ANONADDY_DKIM_SIGNING_KEY=/var/lib/rspamd/dkim/example.com.default.key
```

Then we will generate an app key, migrate the database, link the storage directory, restart the queue and install laravel passport.

```bash
php artisan key:generate
php artisan migrate
php artisan storage:link

php artisan config:cache
php artisan view:cache
php artisan route:cache
php artisan queue:restart

php artisan passport:install
```

Running `passport:install` will output details about a new personal access client, e.g.

```bash
Encryption keys generated successfully.
Personal access client created successfully.
Client ID: 1
Client secret: MlVp37PNqtN9efBTw2wuenjMnMIlDuKBWK3GZQoJ
Password grant client created successfully.
Client ID: 2
Client secret: ZTvhZCRZMdKUvmwqSmNAfWzAoaRatVWgbCVN2cR2
```

You need to update your `.env` file and add the details for the personal access client:

```
PASSPORT_PERSONAL_ACCESS_CLIENT_ID=client-id-value
PASSPORT_PERSONAL_ACCESS_CLIENT_SECRET=unhashed-client-secret-value
```

So I would enter:

```
PASSPORT_PERSONAL_ACCESS_CLIENT_ID=1
PASSPORT_PERSONAL_ACCESS_CLIENT_SECRET=MlVp37PNqtN9efBTw2wuenjMnMIlDuKBWK3GZQoJ
```

More information can be found in the Laravel documentation for Passport - [https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/passport](https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/passport)

Then run `php artisan config:cache` again to reflect the changes.

We also need to add a cronjob in order to run Laravel's schedules commands.

Type `crontab -e` in the terminal as your `johndoe` user.

In the file that is opened add the following line:

```
* * * * * php /var/www/anonaddy/artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&1
```

This cronjob will run every minute which in turn runs the commands listed in `app/Console/Kernel.php` at the appropriate time.

## Installing Supervisor

We will be using supervisor for keeping the Laravel queue worker alive.

```bash
sudo apt install supervisor
```

Create a new configuration file:

```bash
sudo nano /etc/supervisor/conf.d/anonaddy.conf
```

Enter the following inside (change user, command location and the number of processes if you need to):

```
[program:anonaddy]
process_name=%(program_name)s_%(process_num)02d
command=php /var/www/anonaddy/artisan queue:work redis --sleep=3 --tries=3
autostart=true
autorestart=true
user=johndoe
numprocs=8
redirect_stderr=true
stopwaitsecs=3600
```

Then run:

```bash
sudo supervisorctl reread

sudo supervisorctl update

sudo supervisorctl start anonaddy:*
```

Run `sudo service nginx start` to make sure Nginx is running.

## Creating your account

You should now be able to visit `app.example.com` if you've set the correct DNS records.

Register an account and start using it straight away!

You can disable user registration after you've created your account to prevent anyone else from signing up.

Just update the value of `ANONADDY_ENABLE_REGISTRATION` to false in your .env file (and then run the following commands to reflect the update).

```bash
php artisan config:cache
php artisan view:cache
php artisan route:cache
```

## Adding your private key to sign emails

If you are using encryption and want to sign your forwarded emails then you'll need to create a new GPG key pair.

To do this we can run:

```bash
gpg --full-gen-key
```

You will need to generate a key pair without giving it a password because php-gnupg is not able to use keys that are password protected. Leave the password blank when generating the key.

If you have issues creating the key with no passphrase then try the following command:

```bash
gpg --batch --gen-key <<EOF
%no-protection
Key-Type:1
Key-Length:4096
Subkey-Type:1
Subkey-Length:4096
Name-Real: John Doe
Name-Email: mailer@example.com
Expire-Date:0
EOF
```

Make sure to replace **Name-Real** and **Name-Email** with your own values.

To find your key's fingerprint run:

```bash
gpg -k
```

The fingerprint is 40 characters long and looks like this `26A987650243B28802524E2F809FD0D502E2F695`.

Then update the value of `ANONADDY_SIGNING_KEY_FINGERPRINT=` in your .env file to match the fingerprint of your key.

Then run `php artisan config:cache` to update.


## Setting up a local caching DNS resolver

This is to speed up queries and to prevent you getting rate limited when querying DNSBLs (DNS black lists) etc.

Follow the below blog post on how to install bind9.

[https://www.linuxbabe.com/ubuntu/set-up-local-dns-resolver-ubuntu-20-04-bind9](https://www.linuxbabe.com/ubuntu/set-up-local-dns-resolver-ubuntu-20-04-bind9)

Or if you're using Ubuntu 18.04 then:

[https://www.linuxbabe.com/ubuntu/set-up-local-dns-resolver-ubuntu-18-04-16-04-bind9](https://www.linuxbabe.com/ubuntu/set-up-local-dns-resolver-ubuntu-18-04-16-04-bind9)

Now open up `/etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.conf` and add these two lines below the ssl parameters.

```
resolver                    127.0.0.1 valid=86400s;
resolver_timeout            5s;
```

Restart nginx:

```bash
sudo service nginx restart
```

Restart the server by running `sudo reboot` and then SSH back in.

Next to test if everything is working run:

```bash
host -tTXT 2.0.0.127.multi.uribl.com
```

You should see the response

```bash
2.0.0.127.multi.uribl.com descriptive text "permanent testpoint"
```

This means you can query URIBL successfully now.

Create a new file `/etc/rspamd/local.d/options.inc` and enter the following inside:

```
dns {
  nameserver = ["127.0.0.1:53:1"];
}
```

This will tell Rspamd to use our new local DNS resolver. Restart Rspamd to reflect the change.

```bash
sudo service rspamd restart
```

## Adding MTA Strict Transport Security and SMTP TLS Reporting

MTA-STS allows mail service providers to declare their ability to receive Transport Layer Security (TLS) secure SMTP connections. It also allows them to specify whether sending SMTP servers should refuse to deliver to MX hosts that do not offer TLS with a trusted server certificate.

Let's add a new Nginx block `/etc/nginx/conf.d/wildcard.example.com.conf`

```
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;

server_name *.example.com;
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}

server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
server_name *.example.com;
server_tokens off;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains; preload";
add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'; img-src 'self' data:; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; font-src 'self'; object-src 'none'";
add_header Referrer-Policy "origin-when-cross-origin";
add_header Expect-CT "enforce, max-age=604800";

index index.html;

charset utf-8;

ssl_certificate             /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.d/server.crt;
ssl_certificate_key         /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.d/server.key;
ssl_trusted_certificate     /root/.acme.sh/example.com/fullchain.cer;

ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;
ssl_session_timeout         5m;
ssl_protocols               TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
ssl_stapling                on;
ssl_stapling_verify         on;
ssl_ciphers                 "ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384";
ssl_ecdh_curve              secp384r1;
ssl_session_cache           shared:SSL:10m;
ssl_session_tickets         off;
ssl_dhparam                 /etc/nginx/ssl/dhparam.pem;

location / {
    add_header Content-Type text/plain;
    return 200 'Hello world';
}

location = /favicon.ico { return 204; access_log off; log_not_found off; }
location = /robots.txt  { access_log off; log_not_found off; }

location ~ /\.(?!well-known).* {
    deny all;
}

location ^~ /.well-known/mta-sts.txt {
    try_files $uri @mta-sts;
}
location @mta-sts {
    add_header Content-Type text/plain;
    return 200 "version: STSv1
mode: enforce
max_age: 10368000
mx: mail.example.com\n";
}
}
```

Replace any mention of `example.com` with your own domain and restart Nginx:

```bash
sudo service nginx restart
```

Now we need to add a new TXT record for our domain:

You can use any unqiue value for the id, I've just used a UNIX timestamp that you can get by running the following command in the terminal:

```bash
date +%s
```
The name/host for this record is `_mta-sts`.

```
TXT _mta-sts "v=STSv1; id=1603899738;"
```

SMTP TLS Reporting is a standard that enables reporting of TLS connectivity problems experienced by applications that send email. It's easy to implement.

Add new TXT record to your domain with a name/host of `_smtp._tls`:

```
TXT _smtp._tls "v=TLSRPTv1; rua=mailto:tlsrpt@example.com"
```

You can enter any email you like as the one to receive reports.

## Enabling DANE by implementing DNSSEC and adding a TLSA record

DNS Secturity Extensions (DNSSEC) protects the user from getting bad data from a signed zone by detecting the attack and preventing the user from receiving any tampered data.

In order to generate our TLSA record you can run the following command:

```bash
printf '_25._tcp.%s. IN TLSA 3 1 1 %s\n' \
        mail.example.com \
        $(openssl x509 -in /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.d/server.crt -noout -pubkey |
            openssl pkey -pubin -outform DER |
            openssl dgst -sha256 -binary |
            hexdump -ve '/1 "%02x"')
```

Or you can use the following website to generate it - [https://www.huque.com/bin/gen_tlsa](https://www.huque.com/bin/gen_tlsa)

As mentioned earlier, some providers such as Vultr do not allow you to add a TLSA record via their DNS manager.

You can check if DANE is configured correctly using this site - [https://www.huque.com/bin/danecheck-smtp](https://www.huque.com/bin/danecheck-smtp)

## Adding Certification Authority Authorization

Certification Authority Authorization (CAA) is a standard that allows domain name owners to restrict which CAs are allowed to issue certificates for their domains. This can help to reduce the chance of misissuance, either accidentally or maliciously.

Since our certificate is issued by Let's Encrypt we should add the following CAA records:

```
CAA @ 0 issue "letsencrypt.org"
```

```
CAA @ 0 issuewild "letsencrypt.org"
```

```
CAA @ 0 iodef "mailto:caapolicy@example.com"
```


## Updating

Before updating, **please check the release notes** on [GitHub](https://github.com/anonaddy/anonaddy/releases) for any **breaking changes**.

To update to the latest version run the following commands:

```bash
# Fetch the tags from the remote repository
git fetch --tags

# Set a variable with the latest tag (release version)
tag=$(git describe --tags `git rev-list --tags --max-count=1`)

# You can check the version by typing:
echo $tag

# Checkout the latest release, note: if you have made any local changes they will be overwritten by this command
git checkout --force $tag -b $tag

# Install dependencies
composer install --prefer-dist --no-dev -o
npm install

# Compile assets
npm run production

# Run any database migrations
php artisan migrate

# Clear cache
php artisan config:cache
php artisan view:cache
php artisan route:cache
php artisan event:cache

# Restart queue workers to reflect changes
php artisan queue:restart
```

## Credits

A big thank you to Xiao Guoan over at [linuxbabe.com](https://www.linuxbabe.com/) for all of his amazing articles. I highly recommend you subscribe to his newsletter.