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@@ -0,0 +1,1159 @@
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+/*!
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+ * @overview es6-promise - a tiny implementation of Promises/A+.
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+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2014 Yehuda Katz, Tom Dale, Stefan Penner and contributors (Conversion to ES6 API by Jake Archibald)
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+ * @license Licensed under MIT license
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+ * See https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stefanpenner/es6-promise/master/LICENSE
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+ * @version 4.0.5
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+ */
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+
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+(function (global, factory) {
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+ typeof exports === 'object' && typeof module !== 'undefined' ? module.exports = factory() :
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+ typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define(factory) :
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+ (global.ES6Promise = factory());
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+}(this, (function () { 'use strict';
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+
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+function objectOrFunction(x) {
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+ return typeof x === 'function' || typeof x === 'object' && x !== null;
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+}
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+
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+function isFunction(x) {
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+ return typeof x === 'function';
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+}
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+
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+var _isArray = undefined;
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+if (!Array.isArray) {
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+ _isArray = function (x) {
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+ return Object.prototype.toString.call(x) === '[object Array]';
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+ };
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+} else {
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+ _isArray = Array.isArray;
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+}
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+
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+var isArray = _isArray;
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+
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+var len = 0;
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+var vertxNext = undefined;
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+var customSchedulerFn = undefined;
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+
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+var asap = function asap(callback, arg) {
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+ queue[len] = callback;
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+ queue[len + 1] = arg;
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+ len += 2;
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+ if (len === 2) {
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+ // If len is 2, that means that we need to schedule an async flush.
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+ // If additional callbacks are queued before the queue is flushed, they
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+ // will be processed by this flush that we are scheduling.
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+ if (customSchedulerFn) {
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+ customSchedulerFn(flush);
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+ } else {
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+ scheduleFlush();
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+ }
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+ }
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+};
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+
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+function setScheduler(scheduleFn) {
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+ customSchedulerFn = scheduleFn;
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+}
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+
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+function setAsap(asapFn) {
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+ asap = asapFn;
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+}
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+
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+var browserWindow = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : undefined;
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+var browserGlobal = browserWindow || {};
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+var BrowserMutationObserver = browserGlobal.MutationObserver || browserGlobal.WebKitMutationObserver;
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+var isNode = typeof self === 'undefined' && typeof process !== 'undefined' && ({}).toString.call(process) === '[object process]';
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+
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+// test for web worker but not in IE10
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+var isWorker = typeof Uint8ClampedArray !== 'undefined' && typeof importScripts !== 'undefined' && typeof MessageChannel !== 'undefined';
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+
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+// node
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+function useNextTick() {
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+ // node version 0.10.x displays a deprecation warning when nextTick is used recursively
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+ // see https://github.com/cujojs/when/issues/410 for details
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+ return function () {
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+ return process.nextTick(flush);
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+ };
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+}
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+
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+// vertx
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+function useVertxTimer() {
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+ if (typeof vertxNext !== 'undefined') {
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+ return function () {
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+ vertxNext(flush);
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+ };
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+ }
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+
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+ return useSetTimeout();
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+}
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+
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+function useMutationObserver() {
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+ var iterations = 0;
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+ var observer = new BrowserMutationObserver(flush);
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+ var node = document.createTextNode('');
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+ observer.observe(node, { characterData: true });
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+
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+ return function () {
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+ node.data = iterations = ++iterations % 2;
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+ };
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+}
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+
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+// web worker
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+function useMessageChannel() {
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+ var channel = new MessageChannel();
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+ channel.port1.onmessage = flush;
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+ return function () {
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+ return channel.port2.postMessage(0);
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+ };
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+}
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+
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+function useSetTimeout() {
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+ // Store setTimeout reference so es6-promise will be unaffected by
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+ // other code modifying setTimeout (like sinon.useFakeTimers())
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+ var globalSetTimeout = setTimeout;
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+ return function () {
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+ return globalSetTimeout(flush, 1);
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+ };
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+}
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+
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+var queue = new Array(1000);
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+function flush() {
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+ for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 2) {
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+ var callback = queue[i];
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+ var arg = queue[i + 1];
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+
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+ callback(arg);
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+
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+ queue[i] = undefined;
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+ queue[i + 1] = undefined;
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+ }
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+
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+ len = 0;
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+}
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+
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+function attemptVertx() {
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+ try {
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+ var r = require;
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+ var vertx = r('vertx');
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+ vertxNext = vertx.runOnLoop || vertx.runOnContext;
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+ return useVertxTimer();
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+ } catch (e) {
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+ return useSetTimeout();
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+var scheduleFlush = undefined;
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+// Decide what async method to use to triggering processing of queued callbacks:
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+if (isNode) {
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+ scheduleFlush = useNextTick();
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+} else if (BrowserMutationObserver) {
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+ scheduleFlush = useMutationObserver();
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+} else if (isWorker) {
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+ scheduleFlush = useMessageChannel();
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+} else if (browserWindow === undefined && typeof require === 'function') {
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+ scheduleFlush = attemptVertx();
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+} else {
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+ scheduleFlush = useSetTimeout();
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+}
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+
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+function then(onFulfillment, onRejection) {
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+ var _arguments = arguments;
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+
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+ var parent = this;
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+
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+ var child = new this.constructor(noop);
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+
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+ if (child[PROMISE_ID] === undefined) {
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+ makePromise(child);
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+ }
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+
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+ var _state = parent._state;
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+
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+ if (_state) {
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+ (function () {
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+ var callback = _arguments[_state - 1];
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+ asap(function () {
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+ return invokeCallback(_state, child, callback, parent._result);
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+ });
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+ })();
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+ } else {
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+ subscribe(parent, child, onFulfillment, onRejection);
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+ }
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+
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+ return child;
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+}
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+
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+/**
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+ `Promise.resolve` returns a promise that will become resolved with the
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+ passed `value`. It is shorthand for the following:
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+
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+ ```javascript
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+ let promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
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+ resolve(1);
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+ });
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+
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+ promise.then(function(value){
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+ // value === 1
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+ });
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+ ```
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+
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+ Instead of writing the above, your code now simply becomes the following:
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+
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+ ```javascript
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+ let promise = Promise.resolve(1);
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+
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+ promise.then(function(value){
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+ // value === 1
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+ });
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+ ```
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+
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+ @method resolve
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+ @static
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+ @param {Any} value value that the returned promise will be resolved with
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+ Useful for tooling.
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+ @return {Promise} a promise that will become fulfilled with the given
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+ `value`
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+*/
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+function resolve(object) {
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+ /*jshint validthis:true */
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+ var Constructor = this;
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+
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+ if (object && typeof object === 'object' && object.constructor === Constructor) {
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+ return object;
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+ }
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+
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+ var promise = new Constructor(noop);
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+ _resolve(promise, object);
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+ return promise;
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+}
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+
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+var PROMISE_ID = Math.random().toString(36).substring(16);
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+
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+function noop() {}
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+
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+var PENDING = void 0;
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+var FULFILLED = 1;
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+var REJECTED = 2;
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+
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+var GET_THEN_ERROR = new ErrorObject();
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+
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+function selfFulfillment() {
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+ return new TypeError("You cannot resolve a promise with itself");
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+}
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+
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+function cannotReturnOwn() {
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+ return new TypeError('A promises callback cannot return that same promise.');
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+}
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+
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+function getThen(promise) {
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+ try {
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+ return promise.then;
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+ } catch (error) {
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+ GET_THEN_ERROR.error = error;
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+ return GET_THEN_ERROR;
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+function tryThen(then, value, fulfillmentHandler, rejectionHandler) {
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+ try {
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+ then.call(value, fulfillmentHandler, rejectionHandler);
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+ } catch (e) {
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+ return e;
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+function handleForeignThenable(promise, thenable, then) {
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+ asap(function (promise) {
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+ var sealed = false;
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+ var error = tryThen(then, thenable, function (value) {
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+ if (sealed) {
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+ return;
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+ }
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+ sealed = true;
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+ if (thenable !== value) {
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+ _resolve(promise, value);
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+ } else {
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+ fulfill(promise, value);
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+ }
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+ }, function (reason) {
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+ if (sealed) {
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+ return;
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+ }
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+ sealed = true;
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+
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+ _reject(promise, reason);
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+ }, 'Settle: ' + (promise._label || ' unknown promise'));
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+
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+ if (!sealed && error) {
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+ sealed = true;
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+ _reject(promise, error);
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+ }
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+ }, promise);
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+}
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+
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+function handleOwnThenable(promise, thenable) {
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+ if (thenable._state === FULFILLED) {
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+ fulfill(promise, thenable._result);
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+ } else if (thenable._state === REJECTED) {
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+ _reject(promise, thenable._result);
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+ } else {
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+ subscribe(thenable, undefined, function (value) {
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+ return _resolve(promise, value);
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+ }, function (reason) {
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+ return _reject(promise, reason);
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+ });
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+function handleMaybeThenable(promise, maybeThenable, then$$) {
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+ if (maybeThenable.constructor === promise.constructor && then$$ === then && maybeThenable.constructor.resolve === resolve) {
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+ handleOwnThenable(promise, maybeThenable);
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+ } else {
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+ if (then$$ === GET_THEN_ERROR) {
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+ _reject(promise, GET_THEN_ERROR.error);
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+ } else if (then$$ === undefined) {
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+ fulfill(promise, maybeThenable);
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+ } else if (isFunction(then$$)) {
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+ handleForeignThenable(promise, maybeThenable, then$$);
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+ } else {
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+ fulfill(promise, maybeThenable);
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+ }
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+function _resolve(promise, value) {
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+ if (promise === value) {
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+ _reject(promise, selfFulfillment());
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+ } else if (objectOrFunction(value)) {
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+ handleMaybeThenable(promise, value, getThen(value));
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+ } else {
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+ fulfill(promise, value);
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+function publishRejection(promise) {
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+ if (promise._onerror) {
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+ promise._onerror(promise._result);
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+ }
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+
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+ publish(promise);
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+}
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+
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+function fulfill(promise, value) {
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+ if (promise._state !== PENDING) {
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+ return;
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+ }
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+
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+ promise._result = value;
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+ promise._state = FULFILLED;
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+
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+ if (promise._subscribers.length !== 0) {
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+ asap(publish, promise);
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+function _reject(promise, reason) {
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+ if (promise._state !== PENDING) {
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+ return;
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+ }
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+ promise._state = REJECTED;
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+ promise._result = reason;
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+
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+ asap(publishRejection, promise);
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+}
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+
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+function subscribe(parent, child, onFulfillment, onRejection) {
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+ var _subscribers = parent._subscribers;
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+ var length = _subscribers.length;
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+
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+ parent._onerror = null;
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+
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+ _subscribers[length] = child;
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+ _subscribers[length + FULFILLED] = onFulfillment;
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+ _subscribers[length + REJECTED] = onRejection;
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+
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+ if (length === 0 && parent._state) {
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+ asap(publish, parent);
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+function publish(promise) {
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+ var subscribers = promise._subscribers;
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+ var settled = promise._state;
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+
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+ if (subscribers.length === 0) {
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+ return;
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+ }
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+
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+ var child = undefined,
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+ callback = undefined,
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+ detail = promise._result;
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+
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+ for (var i = 0; i < subscribers.length; i += 3) {
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+ child = subscribers[i];
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+ callback = subscribers[i + settled];
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+
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+ if (child) {
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+ invokeCallback(settled, child, callback, detail);
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+ } else {
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+ callback(detail);
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ promise._subscribers.length = 0;
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+}
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+
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+function ErrorObject() {
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+ this.error = null;
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+}
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+
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+var TRY_CATCH_ERROR = new ErrorObject();
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+
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+function tryCatch(callback, detail) {
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+ try {
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+ return callback(detail);
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+ } catch (e) {
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+ TRY_CATCH_ERROR.error = e;
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+ return TRY_CATCH_ERROR;
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+function invokeCallback(settled, promise, callback, detail) {
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+ var hasCallback = isFunction(callback),
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+ value = undefined,
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+ error = undefined,
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+ succeeded = undefined,
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+ failed = undefined;
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+
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+ if (hasCallback) {
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+ value = tryCatch(callback, detail);
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+
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+ if (value === TRY_CATCH_ERROR) {
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+ failed = true;
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+ error = value.error;
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+ value = null;
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+ } else {
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+ succeeded = true;
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+ }
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+
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+ if (promise === value) {
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+ _reject(promise, cannotReturnOwn());
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+ return;
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+ }
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+ } else {
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+ value = detail;
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+ succeeded = true;
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+ }
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+
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+ if (promise._state !== PENDING) {
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+ // noop
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+ } else if (hasCallback && succeeded) {
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+ _resolve(promise, value);
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+ } else if (failed) {
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+ _reject(promise, error);
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+ } else if (settled === FULFILLED) {
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+ fulfill(promise, value);
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+ } else if (settled === REJECTED) {
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|
+ _reject(promise, value);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+function initializePromise(promise, resolver) {
|
|
|
+ try {
|
|
|
+ resolver(function resolvePromise(value) {
|
|
|
+ _resolve(promise, value);
|
|
|
+ }, function rejectPromise(reason) {
|
|
|
+ _reject(promise, reason);
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ } catch (e) {
|
|
|
+ _reject(promise, e);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+var id = 0;
|
|
|
+function nextId() {
|
|
|
+ return id++;
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+function makePromise(promise) {
|
|
|
+ promise[PROMISE_ID] = id++;
|
|
|
+ promise._state = undefined;
|
|
|
+ promise._result = undefined;
|
|
|
+ promise._subscribers = [];
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+function Enumerator(Constructor, input) {
|
|
|
+ this._instanceConstructor = Constructor;
|
|
|
+ this.promise = new Constructor(noop);
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (!this.promise[PROMISE_ID]) {
|
|
|
+ makePromise(this.promise);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (isArray(input)) {
|
|
|
+ this._input = input;
|
|
|
+ this.length = input.length;
|
|
|
+ this._remaining = input.length;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ this._result = new Array(this.length);
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (this.length === 0) {
|
|
|
+ fulfill(this.promise, this._result);
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ this.length = this.length || 0;
|
|
|
+ this._enumerate();
|
|
|
+ if (this._remaining === 0) {
|
|
|
+ fulfill(this.promise, this._result);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ _reject(this.promise, validationError());
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+function validationError() {
|
|
|
+ return new Error('Array Methods must be provided an Array');
|
|
|
+};
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+Enumerator.prototype._enumerate = function () {
|
|
|
+ var length = this.length;
|
|
|
+ var _input = this._input;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ for (var i = 0; this._state === PENDING && i < length; i++) {
|
|
|
+ this._eachEntry(_input[i], i);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+};
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+Enumerator.prototype._eachEntry = function (entry, i) {
|
|
|
+ var c = this._instanceConstructor;
|
|
|
+ var resolve$$ = c.resolve;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (resolve$$ === resolve) {
|
|
|
+ var _then = getThen(entry);
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (_then === then && entry._state !== PENDING) {
|
|
|
+ this._settledAt(entry._state, i, entry._result);
|
|
|
+ } else if (typeof _then !== 'function') {
|
|
|
+ this._remaining--;
|
|
|
+ this._result[i] = entry;
|
|
|
+ } else if (c === Promise) {
|
|
|
+ var promise = new c(noop);
|
|
|
+ handleMaybeThenable(promise, entry, _then);
|
|
|
+ this._willSettleAt(promise, i);
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ this._willSettleAt(new c(function (resolve$$) {
|
|
|
+ return resolve$$(entry);
|
|
|
+ }), i);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ this._willSettleAt(resolve$$(entry), i);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+};
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+Enumerator.prototype._settledAt = function (state, i, value) {
|
|
|
+ var promise = this.promise;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (promise._state === PENDING) {
|
|
|
+ this._remaining--;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (state === REJECTED) {
|
|
|
+ _reject(promise, value);
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ this._result[i] = value;
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (this._remaining === 0) {
|
|
|
+ fulfill(promise, this._result);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+};
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+Enumerator.prototype._willSettleAt = function (promise, i) {
|
|
|
+ var enumerator = this;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ subscribe(promise, undefined, function (value) {
|
|
|
+ return enumerator._settledAt(FULFILLED, i, value);
|
|
|
+ }, function (reason) {
|
|
|
+ return enumerator._settledAt(REJECTED, i, reason);
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+};
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+/**
|
|
|
+ `Promise.all` accepts an array of promises, and returns a new promise which
|
|
|
+ is fulfilled with an array of fulfillment values for the passed promises, or
|
|
|
+ rejected with the reason of the first passed promise to be rejected. It casts all
|
|
|
+ elements of the passed iterable to promises as it runs this algorithm.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Example:
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ let promise1 = resolve(1);
|
|
|
+ let promise2 = resolve(2);
|
|
|
+ let promise3 = resolve(3);
|
|
|
+ let promises = [ promise1, promise2, promise3 ];
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Promise.all(promises).then(function(array){
|
|
|
+ // The array here would be [ 1, 2, 3 ];
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ If any of the `promises` given to `all` are rejected, the first promise
|
|
|
+ that is rejected will be given as an argument to the returned promises's
|
|
|
+ rejection handler. For example:
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Example:
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ let promise1 = resolve(1);
|
|
|
+ let promise2 = reject(new Error("2"));
|
|
|
+ let promise3 = reject(new Error("3"));
|
|
|
+ let promises = [ promise1, promise2, promise3 ];
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Promise.all(promises).then(function(array){
|
|
|
+ // Code here never runs because there are rejected promises!
|
|
|
+ }, function(error) {
|
|
|
+ // error.message === "2"
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ @method all
|
|
|
+ @static
|
|
|
+ @param {Array} entries array of promises
|
|
|
+ @param {String} label optional string for labeling the promise.
|
|
|
+ Useful for tooling.
|
|
|
+ @return {Promise} promise that is fulfilled when all `promises` have been
|
|
|
+ fulfilled, or rejected if any of them become rejected.
|
|
|
+ @static
|
|
|
+*/
|
|
|
+function all(entries) {
|
|
|
+ return new Enumerator(this, entries).promise;
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+/**
|
|
|
+ `Promise.race` returns a new promise which is settled in the same way as the
|
|
|
+ first passed promise to settle.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Example:
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ let promise1 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
|
|
|
+ setTimeout(function(){
|
|
|
+ resolve('promise 1');
|
|
|
+ }, 200);
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ let promise2 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
|
|
|
+ setTimeout(function(){
|
|
|
+ resolve('promise 2');
|
|
|
+ }, 100);
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Promise.race([promise1, promise2]).then(function(result){
|
|
|
+ // result === 'promise 2' because it was resolved before promise1
|
|
|
+ // was resolved.
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ `Promise.race` is deterministic in that only the state of the first
|
|
|
+ settled promise matters. For example, even if other promises given to the
|
|
|
+ `promises` array argument are resolved, but the first settled promise has
|
|
|
+ become rejected before the other promises became fulfilled, the returned
|
|
|
+ promise will become rejected:
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ let promise1 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
|
|
|
+ setTimeout(function(){
|
|
|
+ resolve('promise 1');
|
|
|
+ }, 200);
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ let promise2 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
|
|
|
+ setTimeout(function(){
|
|
|
+ reject(new Error('promise 2'));
|
|
|
+ }, 100);
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Promise.race([promise1, promise2]).then(function(result){
|
|
|
+ // Code here never runs
|
|
|
+ }, function(reason){
|
|
|
+ // reason.message === 'promise 2' because promise 2 became rejected before
|
|
|
+ // promise 1 became fulfilled
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ An example real-world use case is implementing timeouts:
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ Promise.race([ajax('foo.json'), timeout(5000)])
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ @method race
|
|
|
+ @static
|
|
|
+ @param {Array} promises array of promises to observe
|
|
|
+ Useful for tooling.
|
|
|
+ @return {Promise} a promise which settles in the same way as the first passed
|
|
|
+ promise to settle.
|
|
|
+*/
|
|
|
+function race(entries) {
|
|
|
+ /*jshint validthis:true */
|
|
|
+ var Constructor = this;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (!isArray(entries)) {
|
|
|
+ return new Constructor(function (_, reject) {
|
|
|
+ return reject(new TypeError('You must pass an array to race.'));
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ return new Constructor(function (resolve, reject) {
|
|
|
+ var length = entries.length;
|
|
|
+ for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
|
|
|
+ Constructor.resolve(entries[i]).then(resolve, reject);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+/**
|
|
|
+ `Promise.reject` returns a promise rejected with the passed `reason`.
|
|
|
+ It is shorthand for the following:
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ let promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
|
|
|
+ reject(new Error('WHOOPS'));
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ promise.then(function(value){
|
|
|
+ // Code here doesn't run because the promise is rejected!
|
|
|
+ }, function(reason){
|
|
|
+ // reason.message === 'WHOOPS'
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Instead of writing the above, your code now simply becomes the following:
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ let promise = Promise.reject(new Error('WHOOPS'));
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ promise.then(function(value){
|
|
|
+ // Code here doesn't run because the promise is rejected!
|
|
|
+ }, function(reason){
|
|
|
+ // reason.message === 'WHOOPS'
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ @method reject
|
|
|
+ @static
|
|
|
+ @param {Any} reason value that the returned promise will be rejected with.
|
|
|
+ Useful for tooling.
|
|
|
+ @return {Promise} a promise rejected with the given `reason`.
|
|
|
+*/
|
|
|
+function reject(reason) {
|
|
|
+ /*jshint validthis:true */
|
|
|
+ var Constructor = this;
|
|
|
+ var promise = new Constructor(noop);
|
|
|
+ _reject(promise, reason);
|
|
|
+ return promise;
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+function needsResolver() {
|
|
|
+ throw new TypeError('You must pass a resolver function as the first argument to the promise constructor');
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+function needsNew() {
|
|
|
+ throw new TypeError("Failed to construct 'Promise': Please use the 'new' operator, this object constructor cannot be called as a function.");
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+/**
|
|
|
+ Promise objects represent the eventual result of an asynchronous operation. The
|
|
|
+ primary way of interacting with a promise is through its `then` method, which
|
|
|
+ registers callbacks to receive either a promise's eventual value or the reason
|
|
|
+ why the promise cannot be fulfilled.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Terminology
|
|
|
+ -----------
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ - `promise` is an object or function with a `then` method whose behavior conforms to this specification.
|
|
|
+ - `thenable` is an object or function that defines a `then` method.
|
|
|
+ - `value` is any legal JavaScript value (including undefined, a thenable, or a promise).
|
|
|
+ - `exception` is a value that is thrown using the throw statement.
|
|
|
+ - `reason` is a value that indicates why a promise was rejected.
|
|
|
+ - `settled` the final resting state of a promise, fulfilled or rejected.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ A promise can be in one of three states: pending, fulfilled, or rejected.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Promises that are fulfilled have a fulfillment value and are in the fulfilled
|
|
|
+ state. Promises that are rejected have a rejection reason and are in the
|
|
|
+ rejected state. A fulfillment value is never a thenable.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Promises can also be said to *resolve* a value. If this value is also a
|
|
|
+ promise, then the original promise's settled state will match the value's
|
|
|
+ settled state. So a promise that *resolves* a promise that rejects will
|
|
|
+ itself reject, and a promise that *resolves* a promise that fulfills will
|
|
|
+ itself fulfill.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Basic Usage:
|
|
|
+ ------------
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+ let promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
|
|
|
+ // on success
|
|
|
+ resolve(value);
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ // on failure
|
|
|
+ reject(reason);
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ promise.then(function(value) {
|
|
|
+ // on fulfillment
|
|
|
+ }, function(reason) {
|
|
|
+ // on rejection
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Advanced Usage:
|
|
|
+ ---------------
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Promises shine when abstracting away asynchronous interactions such as
|
|
|
+ `XMLHttpRequest`s.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+ function getJSON(url) {
|
|
|
+ return new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
|
|
|
+ let xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ xhr.open('GET', url);
|
|
|
+ xhr.onreadystatechange = handler;
|
|
|
+ xhr.responseType = 'json';
|
|
|
+ xhr.setRequestHeader('Accept', 'application/json');
|
|
|
+ xhr.send();
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ function handler() {
|
|
|
+ if (this.readyState === this.DONE) {
|
|
|
+ if (this.status === 200) {
|
|
|
+ resolve(this.response);
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ reject(new Error('getJSON: `' + url + '` failed with status: [' + this.status + ']'));
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ };
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ getJSON('/posts.json').then(function(json) {
|
|
|
+ // on fulfillment
|
|
|
+ }, function(reason) {
|
|
|
+ // on rejection
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Unlike callbacks, promises are great composable primitives.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+ Promise.all([
|
|
|
+ getJSON('/posts'),
|
|
|
+ getJSON('/comments')
|
|
|
+ ]).then(function(values){
|
|
|
+ values[0] // => postsJSON
|
|
|
+ values[1] // => commentsJSON
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ return values;
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ @class Promise
|
|
|
+ @param {function} resolver
|
|
|
+ Useful for tooling.
|
|
|
+ @constructor
|
|
|
+*/
|
|
|
+function Promise(resolver) {
|
|
|
+ this[PROMISE_ID] = nextId();
|
|
|
+ this._result = this._state = undefined;
|
|
|
+ this._subscribers = [];
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (noop !== resolver) {
|
|
|
+ typeof resolver !== 'function' && needsResolver();
|
|
|
+ this instanceof Promise ? initializePromise(this, resolver) : needsNew();
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+Promise.all = all;
|
|
|
+Promise.race = race;
|
|
|
+Promise.resolve = resolve;
|
|
|
+Promise.reject = reject;
|
|
|
+Promise._setScheduler = setScheduler;
|
|
|
+Promise._setAsap = setAsap;
|
|
|
+Promise._asap = asap;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+Promise.prototype = {
|
|
|
+ constructor: Promise,
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ /**
|
|
|
+ The primary way of interacting with a promise is through its `then` method,
|
|
|
+ which registers callbacks to receive either a promise's eventual value or the
|
|
|
+ reason why the promise cannot be fulfilled.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+ findUser().then(function(user){
|
|
|
+ // user is available
|
|
|
+ }, function(reason){
|
|
|
+ // user is unavailable, and you are given the reason why
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Chaining
|
|
|
+ --------
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ The return value of `then` is itself a promise. This second, 'downstream'
|
|
|
+ promise is resolved with the return value of the first promise's fulfillment
|
|
|
+ or rejection handler, or rejected if the handler throws an exception.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+ findUser().then(function (user) {
|
|
|
+ return user.name;
|
|
|
+ }, function (reason) {
|
|
|
+ return 'default name';
|
|
|
+ }).then(function (userName) {
|
|
|
+ // If `findUser` fulfilled, `userName` will be the user's name, otherwise it
|
|
|
+ // will be `'default name'`
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ findUser().then(function (user) {
|
|
|
+ throw new Error('Found user, but still unhappy');
|
|
|
+ }, function (reason) {
|
|
|
+ throw new Error('`findUser` rejected and we're unhappy');
|
|
|
+ }).then(function (value) {
|
|
|
+ // never reached
|
|
|
+ }, function (reason) {
|
|
|
+ // if `findUser` fulfilled, `reason` will be 'Found user, but still unhappy'.
|
|
|
+ // If `findUser` rejected, `reason` will be '`findUser` rejected and we're unhappy'.
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+ If the downstream promise does not specify a rejection handler, rejection reasons will be propagated further downstream.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+ findUser().then(function (user) {
|
|
|
+ throw new PedagogicalException('Upstream error');
|
|
|
+ }).then(function (value) {
|
|
|
+ // never reached
|
|
|
+ }).then(function (value) {
|
|
|
+ // never reached
|
|
|
+ }, function (reason) {
|
|
|
+ // The `PedgagocialException` is propagated all the way down to here
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Assimilation
|
|
|
+ ------------
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Sometimes the value you want to propagate to a downstream promise can only be
|
|
|
+ retrieved asynchronously. This can be achieved by returning a promise in the
|
|
|
+ fulfillment or rejection handler. The downstream promise will then be pending
|
|
|
+ until the returned promise is settled. This is called *assimilation*.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+ findUser().then(function (user) {
|
|
|
+ return findCommentsByAuthor(user);
|
|
|
+ }).then(function (comments) {
|
|
|
+ // The user's comments are now available
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ If the assimliated promise rejects, then the downstream promise will also reject.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+ findUser().then(function (user) {
|
|
|
+ return findCommentsByAuthor(user);
|
|
|
+ }).then(function (comments) {
|
|
|
+ // If `findCommentsByAuthor` fulfills, we'll have the value here
|
|
|
+ }, function (reason) {
|
|
|
+ // If `findCommentsByAuthor` rejects, we'll have the reason here
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Simple Example
|
|
|
+ --------------
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Synchronous Example
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ let result;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ try {
|
|
|
+ result = findResult();
|
|
|
+ // success
|
|
|
+ } catch(reason) {
|
|
|
+ // failure
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Errback Example
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+ findResult(function(result, err){
|
|
|
+ if (err) {
|
|
|
+ // failure
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ // success
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Promise Example;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ findResult().then(function(result){
|
|
|
+ // success
|
|
|
+ }, function(reason){
|
|
|
+ // failure
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Advanced Example
|
|
|
+ --------------
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Synchronous Example
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ let author, books;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ try {
|
|
|
+ author = findAuthor();
|
|
|
+ books = findBooksByAuthor(author);
|
|
|
+ // success
|
|
|
+ } catch(reason) {
|
|
|
+ // failure
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Errback Example
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ function foundBooks(books) {
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ function failure(reason) {
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ findAuthor(function(author, err){
|
|
|
+ if (err) {
|
|
|
+ failure(err);
|
|
|
+ // failure
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ try {
|
|
|
+ findBoooksByAuthor(author, function(books, err) {
|
|
|
+ if (err) {
|
|
|
+ failure(err);
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ try {
|
|
|
+ foundBooks(books);
|
|
|
+ } catch(reason) {
|
|
|
+ failure(reason);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ } catch(error) {
|
|
|
+ failure(err);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ // success
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ Promise Example;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```javascript
|
|
|
+ findAuthor().
|
|
|
+ then(findBooksByAuthor).
|
|
|
+ then(function(books){
|
|
|
+ // found books
|
|
|
+ }).catch(function(reason){
|
|
|
+ // something went wrong
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ @method then
|
|
|
+ @param {Function} onFulfilled
|
|
|
+ @param {Function} onRejected
|
|
|
+ Useful for tooling.
|
|
|
+ @return {Promise}
|
|
|
+ */
|
|
|
+ then: then,
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ /**
|
|
|
+ `catch` is simply sugar for `then(undefined, onRejection)` which makes it the same
|
|
|
+ as the catch block of a try/catch statement.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ ```js
|
|
|
+ function findAuthor(){
|
|
|
+ throw new Error('couldn't find that author');
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ // synchronous
|
|
|
+ try {
|
|
|
+ findAuthor();
|
|
|
+ } catch(reason) {
|
|
|
+ // something went wrong
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ // async with promises
|
|
|
+ findAuthor().catch(function(reason){
|
|
|
+ // something went wrong
|
|
|
+ });
|
|
|
+ ```
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ @method catch
|
|
|
+ @param {Function} onRejection
|
|
|
+ Useful for tooling.
|
|
|
+ @return {Promise}
|
|
|
+ */
|
|
|
+ 'catch': function _catch(onRejection) {
|
|
|
+ return this.then(null, onRejection);
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+};
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+function polyfill() {
|
|
|
+ var local = undefined;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (typeof global !== 'undefined') {
|
|
|
+ local = global;
|
|
|
+ } else if (typeof self !== 'undefined') {
|
|
|
+ local = self;
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
+ try {
|
|
|
+ local = Function('return this')();
|
|
|
+ } catch (e) {
|
|
|
+ throw new Error('polyfill failed because global object is unavailable in this environment');
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ var P = local.Promise;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (P) {
|
|
|
+ var promiseToString = null;
|
|
|
+ try {
|
|
|
+ promiseToString = Object.prototype.toString.call(P.resolve());
|
|
|
+ } catch (e) {
|
|
|
+ // silently ignored
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ if (promiseToString === '[object Promise]' && !P.cast) {
|
|
|
+ return;
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ local.Promise = Promise;
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+// Strange compat..
|
|
|
+Promise.polyfill = polyfill;
|
|
|
+Promise.Promise = Promise;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+return Promise;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+})));
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ES6Promise.polyfill();
|
|
|
+//# sourceMappingURL=es6-promise.auto.map
|
n1474335